UNDP-污染与健康：议会行动指导说明（英）

1Pollution and Health: Guidance Note for Parliamentary ActionUNDP is the leading United Nations organization fighting to end the injustice of poverty, inequality and climate change. Working with our broad network of experts and partners in 170 countries, we help nations to build integrated, lasting solutions for people and planet. Learn more at undp.org or follow at @UNDP. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the United Nations, including UNDP, or the United Nations Member States. This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union.Copyright ©UNDP 2025. All rights reserved. One United Nations Plaza, New York, NY, 10017, USA. Pollution and Health: Guidance Note for Parliamentary Action4AcknowledgementsThis document was developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) with funding from the European Union (EU).The document was authored (in alphabetical order) by Suvi Huikuri, Natalia Linou, Emily Roberts, Roy Small and Rachael Stanton from UNDP’s HIV and Health Group. Hilda van der Veen from UNDP’s Chemicals Hub and Agata Walczak from UNDP’s Democratic Institutions and Processes Team provided valuable contributions. Richard Fuller from Pure Earth, as well as Lilian Corra and Maria Paola Lia from the Global Alliance on Health and Pollution, also provided crucial inputs. Zsuzsanna Schreck completed the graphic design and layout.The UNDP country offices of Ethiopia, India and Mongolia made key contributions to this publication, drawing upon national investment cases and legal environment assessment reports as part of the UNDP-EU project Advancing health and environmental sustainability through action on pollution (2020-2024).5OverviewPollution is one of the most significant barriers to sustainable development globally, resulting in widespread social, economic and environmental harms, with disproportionate impacts in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and among already vulnerable and marginalized populations [1]. In July 2022, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 76/300 declaring access to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment as a human right [2]. Yet action to address pollution remains inadequate. For example, as of March 2024, only 1 percent of international development aid is allocated to clean air interventions [3] and many countries do not have effective strategies or policies to address air pollution.Parliamentarians and parliamentarian institutions, such as committees and caucuses, have a crucial role to play in strengthening national responses to pollution as part of advancing healthy, sustainable societies. That includes supporting governments in strengthening legal frameworks, for example overseeing how existing commitments, laws and policies are implemented. It also includes promoting effective, evidence-based