联合国贸易发展委员会-金砖国家加强气候融资议程（英）

Technical cooperation outcomeA BRICS Agenda for Enhancing Climate FinanceU NI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C E ON T R A D E A N D D E VE L OP M E N T© 2025, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations.This document has not been formally edited.UNCTAD / TCS / GDS / INF/ 2025 / 1iiiA BRICS Agenda for Enhancing Climate FinanceAcknowledgementsThis report was prepared, under the overall guidance of Anastasia Nesvetaïlova of the UNCTAD Division on Globalization and Development Strategies, by Katie Swan-Nelson, with inputs from Ilaria Crotti. The report benefited greatly from internal UNCTAD review and feedback from Igor Paunovic, Ilaria Crotti, Diana Vivienne Barrowclough, Pierre Kohler, Penelope Hawkins, Daniela Magalhaes Prates, Claudia Contreras, Amelia Santos Paulino, Stephania Mageste and Yi Liu.Preparation of the report stems from a request of the BRICS Contact Group on Climate Change and Sustainable Development, chaired in 2025 by Brazil. The report does not represent the views of the member States of the BRICS.The report was produced under the UNCTAD project entitled “Development priorities for a climate-resilient financial system at COP28 and future COPs”. This project was made possible by support from the Climate Emergency Collaboration Group, a sponsored project of Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisers, and the Open Society Foundations.The report was designed by Jesús Alés Villota.ivA BRICS Agenda for Enhancing Climate FinanceTable of contentsExecutive Summary .................................................................. viiiKey Recommendations ....................................................................viiiIntroduction .................................................................................11. Climate Finance at a Crossroads ...........................................3Global Outlook ...................................................................................3Future Headwinds .............................................................................4Can Private Finance Fill the Gap ? .....................................................6Conclusion .........................................................................................72. Framework for a BRICS Agenda on Climate Finance ...........8BRICS and Climate Finance ...............................................................8Overcoming Asymmetries