国际武器转让的趋势，2021（英）

The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2017–21 was 4.6  per  cent lower than in 2012–16, but was 3.9  per  cent higher than in 2007–11 (see figure 1).1 The five largest arms exporters in 2017–21 were the United States, Russia, France, China and Germany (see table 1). The five largest arms importers were India, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Australia and China (see table 2). Between 2012–16 and 2017–21 there were increases in arms transfers to Europe (19 per cent) and to the Middle East (2.8 per cent), while there were decreases in the transfers to the Americas (–36 per cent), Africa (–34 per cent), and Asia and Oceania (–4.7 per cent).From 14 March 2022 SIPRI’s open-access Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on transfers of major arms for 1950–2021, which replaces all previous data on arms transfers published by SIPRI. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet presents global trends in arms exports and arms imports, and highlights selected issues related to transfers of major arms.KEY FACTSw The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2017–21 was 4.6 per cent lower than in 2012–16, but was 3.9 per cent higher than in 2007–11.w The five largest arms exporters in 2017–21 were the United States, Russia, France, China and Germany. Together, they accounted for 77 per cent of all arms exports in 2017–21.w In 2017–21 US arms exports accounted for 39 per cent of the global total and were 14 per cent higher than in 2012–16. w French arms exports increased by 59 per cent between 2012–16 and 2017–21, while Chinese (–31 per cent), Russian (–26 per cent) and German (–19 per cent) arms exports decreased.w The five largest arms importers in 2017–21, India, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Australia and China, together received 38 per cent of all imports of major arms.w The main recipient region in 2017–21 was Asia and Oceania (accounting for 43 per cent of global arms imports), followed by the Middle East (32 per cent), Europe (13 per cent), Africa (5.8 per cent) and the Americas (5.5 per cent).w Arms imports by states in South America in 2017–21 were at their lowest level for any 5-year period in the past 50 years.TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL ARMS TRANSFERS, 2021pieter d. wezeman, alexandra kuimova and siemon t. wezemanMarch 2022SIPRI Fact SheetFigure 1. The trend in international transfers of major arms, 1982–2021Note: The bar graph shows the average annual volume of arms transfers for 5-year periods and the line graph shows the annual totals. The SIPRI trend-indicator value (TIV) is a measure of the volume of inter national transfers of major arms. The method used for the SIPRI TIV is described on the Arms Transfers Database web page.Source: SIPRI Arms Transfers Database, Mar. 2022.1 In this Fact Sheet the terms ‘arms exports’ and ‘arms imports’ are used to refer to international transfers of major arms, as defined by SIPRI.Volume of arms transfers (billions of trend-indicator values)010203040501982–861987–911992–961997–20012002–20062007–112012