21世纪有效全面的CBRN安全风险管理（英文）

NoN-ProliferatioN aNd disarmameNt PaPersEU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament ConsortiumPromoting the European network of independent non-proliferation and disarmament think tanksNo. 75 June 2021EFFECTIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE CBRN SECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURYtatyana novossiolova and maurizio martellini*SUMMARYThe multifaceted nature of security concerns related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in the 21st century requires a novel organizing principle for the international multilateral efforts focusing on the prevention of the hostile misuse of chemical, biological, radio logical and nuclear (CBRN) knowledge and materials. At the heart of this security paradigm is the need for strength ening the established international norms against the development, spread and use of WMD, and ensuring the comprehensive in-depth implementation of relevant regu-latory instruments through the internalization of safety and security practices, procedures and behaviours among relevant professional communities. This paper argues that effective CBRN security risk management requires the integration of national, regional and international stra-tegic approaches that promote and uphold the norms of WMD non-proliferation and disarmament.ABOUT THE AUTHORSDr Tatyana Novossiolova (Bulgaria) is a Research Fellow in the Law Program at the Center for the Study of Democracy, Bulgaria. She has developed an interactive biological security training manual that has been translated into several different languages.Prof. Maurizio Martellini (Italy) is Director of the Insubria Center on International Security, Secretary General of the Landau Network-Fondazione Alessandro Volta, Associate Professor of Physics at the University of Insubria, Italy, and a member of the Italian Union of Scientists for Dis-armament. He is also an advisor to the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Martellini is an expert in non-proliferation and disarmament and CBRN cyber issues.*The views expressed here are those of the authors alone. The paper has been prepared as an in-kind contribution to the EU Non-Proliferation and Disarmament Consortium paper series. Part of the research that underpins the development of this paper has been funded by the European Union’s Internal Security Fund (ISF) Police.I. INTRODUCTIONCountering the proliferation and use of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons—collectively known as weapons (and materials) of mass destruction (WMD)—is a priority of utmost importance to maintaining inter­national peace and stability in the 21st century. The end of the cold war coupled with the intense processes of ongoing globalization have created new opportunities for international cooperation, engagement and exchange. But they have also created conditions that give rise to novel security challenges, which threaten to undermine the coherence of the international WMD non­proliferation and disarmament regimes. Critical underlying factors for this trend include t