世界经济论坛-建设具有气候适应力的公用事业：中国的经验教训和未来路径（英）

Building Climate- Resilient Utilities: Lessons from China and Future PathwaysW H I T E P A P E RD E C E M B E R 2 0 2 5In collaboration with China Huaneng GroupImages: Adobe StockDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.© 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForeword 3Executive summary 41 Utilities on the frontline of climate change 51.1 New risk landscape: growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events 51.2 Systemic vulnerabilities: cascading impacts on critical utility infrastructure 72 Climate-resilient utilities: China’s multi-faceted approach 82.1 Resilience 1.0: a framework to strengthen the utilities sector 82.2 Policy and governance: orchestrating a hybrid government-business response 92.3 Technology: empowering resilience through innovation 122.4 Finance: funding the resilience transition 173 The next frontier: upgrading to Resilience 2.0 183.1 Evolving governance: institutionalizing climate resilience 183.2 Technological leapfrogging: AI-powered integration 193.3 Financial innovation: risk pricing as the architect of resilience 203.4 Science and education: essential foundation for resilience 21Conclusion 23Appendix: Definitions 25Contributors 27Endnotes 29Building Climate-Resilient Utilities: Lessons from China and Future Pathways2ForewordDeveloping climate resilient infrastructure requires a dual-pronged strategy of cutting emissions while adapting to fast-changing climatic conditions, characterized by the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. This ensures that we avoid the worst outcomes of climate change and environmental degradation, while enabling industries and communities to deal with the ecological changes that are already happening.Ensuring the security and stability of critical infrastructure – especially power and water utilities, transport and communication networks and essential services – is a strategic imperative for both businesses and governments. Prolonged disruptions or destruction due to extreme weather conditions, such as heatwaves, floods and drought, could severely undermine public health and safety, economic stability and national security. This report examines how policy, technology and finance can work in concert to safeguard the vital arteries of our economies and societies in a structured and systemic approach. It draws on case studies to illustrate how China – one of the world’s la