世界银行-温度异常是妇女权利和经济赋权的障碍吗？（英）

Policy Research Working Paper11206Temperature Anomalies as an Obstacle to Women’s Rights and Economic Empowerment?Daniela M. BehrLiang ShenAna TribintTea TrumbicDevelopment Economics Global Indicators GroupSeptember 2025 A verified reproducibility package for this paper is available at http://reproducibility.worldbank.org, click here for direct access. Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedProduced by the Research Support TeamAbstractThe Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.Policy Research Working Paper 11206Gender equality is associated with economic growth and resilience, yet various factors, including climate change, may stall progress toward equal rights for men and women. This paper analyzes historical temperature and precipitation fluctuations within countries to assess their effect on legal gender equality, using data from the World Bank’s Women, Business and the Law dataset, which measures women’s rights across 190 economies and five decades. The find-ings reveal that temperature anomalies correlate with slower progress in legal gender equality, particularly in low-income countries. Irregular temperature fluctuations significantly delay the development of legal frameworks for parental leave, marriage, and mobility. Countries, particularly those with limited resources, seem less inclined to provide tangi-ble benefits to women. This study emphasizes the complex relationship between extreme temperatures and women’s rights, highlighting the importance of addressing gender disparities to build more resilient societies, especially in the face of shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.This paper is a product of the Global Indicators Group, Development Economics It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. The authors may be contacted at dbehr@worldbank.org. A verified reproducibility package for this paper is available at http://reproducibility.worldbank.org, click here for direct access. POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERSTRANSPARENTANALYSISTemperature Anomalies as an Obstacle to Women’s Rights and Economic Empowerment?