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FLAGSHIP REPORT | MAY 2025Adaptive Strategies and Approaches to World Bank Safety Net Delivery Amid ChallengesA GUIDE TO IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS IN FRAGILE, CONFLICT, AND VIOLENT CONTEXTSBy Silvia Fuselli, Mona Niebuhr, Mira Saidi, and Sara AgostiniPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedACKNOWLEDGMENTS“A Guide to Implementing Social Safety Nets in Fragile, Conflict, and Violent Contexts” was prepared by a World Bank team composed of Silvia Fuselli, Mona Niebuhr, Mira Saidi, and Sara Agostini.The team is deeply grateful for the guidance, insights, and support received from colleagues across the World Bank who helped shape this Guidebook into a practical and relevant resource. Their contributions—shared through consultations, informal interviews, and ongoing collaboration—were essential to grounding this work in operational realities. We would particularly like to thank, in alphabetical order: Geoffrey Baeumlin, Laura Bermeo, Vanessa Moreira da Silva, Catherine Defontaine, Giorgia Demarchi, Erina Iwami, Alexandra Jarotschkin, Naseer Khan, Bernhard Metz, Utz Pape, Cristobal Ridao-Cano, Franco Russo, Aly Sanoh, Juliette Seibold, Nadia Selim, Rajeev Swami, and Endeshaw Tadesse.The authors are especially indebted to the peer reviewers Afrah Al-Ahmadi, Paul Bance, Sabine Beddies, Yashodhan Ghorpade, Rebecca Lacroix, and Eric Zapatero Larrio for their thoughtful advice, detailed comments, and constructive suggestions during the review process.We also wish to thank Snjezana Plevko, Surat Nsour, Julian Koschorke, Philippe George Leite, Luis Iñaki Alberro Encinas, Melis Guven, Mohamed Bubaker Alsafi Almenfi, Andrea Martin, and Agastya Yeachuri for their technical contributions and feedback during the early stages of this work.The team also thanks Paige Marie Casaly, Million Fikre, Jimena Garrote, Aristeidis I. Panou, and Prachi Shrikant Tadsare who provided legal, operational, and corporate advice critical to the development of key chapters and sections of this Guidebook.Special thanks go to the World Bank country teams for Afghanistan, Burundi, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Haiti, Iraq, Lebanon, Mali, Myanmar, Pakistan, Republic of Congo, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Togo, Ukraine, Yemen, and West Bank and Gaza, whose operational experience and insights were instrumental.We are also grateful for the leadership and guidance of Christian Bodewig, Aline Coudouel, and Jamele Rigolini.We would also like to acknowledge Andres de la Roche for graphic design support, Laurence Tissot for early editorial input, and Cathy Lips for editing the final version of the report.This work was made possible through funding from the Sahel Adaptive Social Protection Program Multi-Donor Trust Fund (SASPP).The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this Guidebook are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the World Bank G