世界经济论坛-2025年全球合作晴雨表——第二版（英）

The Global Cooperation Barometer 2025 Second EditionI N S I G H T R E P O R TJ A N U A R Y 2 0 2 5In collaboration with McKinsey & CompanyImages: Getty ImagesDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.© 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForeword 3About the Global Cooperation Barometer 4Executive summary 6Introduction: The state of global cooperation 71 Five pillars of global cooperation 11Pillar 1: Trade and capital 11Pillar 2: Innovation and technology 14Pillar 3: Climate and natural capital 16Pillar 4: Health and wellness 18Pillar 5: Peace and security 202 Recommendations: the need for disordered cooperation 22Appendix 23Contributors 26Endnotes 28The Global Cooperation Barometer 2025 Second Edition2ForewordThe second edition of the Global Cooperation Barometer comes amid unsettled political and geopolitical climates. Political shockwaves cut across many continents this past year – a “super year” of elections in which half the world’s population had the opportunity to go to the polls.1 For the first time, every governing party facing an election in a developed economy lost vote share.2 These expressions of electorate disapproval are due, in large measure, to forces that have been building for over a decade and were intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic. A sense of insecurity – financial or personal – has increased alongside feelings that the “system” has not been working. People around the world are looking for solutions while expressing a desire for change to the mechanisms meant to deliver results. At the same time, the global order that held for the first 30 years after the end of the Cold War has passed. Today, competition and conflict are rising, and countries are re-examining their place in the world. Alongside geopolitical upheaval, technological change is also under way. The rapid development and uptake of frontier technologies such as generative artificial intelligence is poised to reshape economies and societies. While the geopolitical dial won’t, and shouldn’t, turn back to the order of the past, it must turn more towards cooperation. Advancing global health, prosperity and resilience cannot be done by single nations alone. Resolving ongoing security challenges can only happen through multilateral and multistakeholder processes. Unlocking the benefits of technological innovations in an equitable way while ensuring necessary guardrails are in place to