中国北斗：大国竞争的新维度（英）

PA P E RF E B R U A R Y 2 0 2 3B E L F E R C E N T E RChina’s BeiDou: New Dimensions of Great Power Competition Sarah Sewall Tyler Vandenberg Kaj MaldenBelfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138www.belfercenter.orgStatements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, Harvard Kennedy School, the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, or the U.S. Government.Copyright 2023, President and Fellows of Harvard CollegePA P E RF E B R U A R Y 2 0 2 3B E L F E R C E N T E RChina’s BeiDou: New Dimensions of Great Power CompetitionSarah Sewall Tyler Vandenberg Kaj MaldeniiChina’s BeiDou: New Dimensions of Great Power CompetitionAcknowledgmentsThe authors are indebted to experts in and outside government, including Dr. Yoaz Bar-Sever and Dean Cheng, and to IQT colleagues Dr. Abi Sivananthan, Michael Falcon, Kristi Bradford, Dave LoBosco, Isaac Myauo, and Stephan Bernstorf for sharing their expertise. Special thanks to Dr. Scott Pace and Dr. Namrata Goswami for their insights and careful reviews of the report draft. Erin Dumbacher, Madeleine Conroy, Bethan Saunders, and IQT Senior Fellows also contributed research or feedback. Their support does not imply endorsement of content, and any errors should be attributed solely to the authors. iiiBelfer Center for Science and International Affairs | Harvard Kennedy SchoolAbout the Authors Dr. Sarah Sewall is Executive Vice President for Strategic Issues at IQT and non-resident Senior Fellow at the Belfer Center. She served as U.S. Under Secretary of State and Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense and taught on the Harvard Kennedy School faculty for a decade. Tyler Vandenberg was a Policy Intern at IQT. He has since returned to active duty as an officer in the United States Marine Corps. He received his B.A. in International Studies from American University. Views expressed in this paper are not those of the Marine Corps or Department of Defense.Kaj Malden is a Manager for Strategic Policy Analysis at IQT. He previously served as a Policy Analyst at the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. He received his B.A. from Lewis and Clark College and M.A. from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). vBelfer Center for Science and International Affairs | Harvard Kennedy SchoolTable of ContentsExecutive Summary .......................................................................................... 1I. Introduction ...................................................................................................2II. GNSS/GPS Overview ....................................................................................5 Military and Economic Impact .............................................................................................................6 GNSS Vulnerabilities ....................................