世界银行-太平洋健康岛屿转型（PHIT）项目：技术说明（英）

Pacific Healthy Islands Transformation (PHIT) Project (P508550) Technical Note Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AI Artificial Intelligence APC Association for Progressive Communications CO2eq Carbon Dioxide Equivalent COE Center(s) of Excellence COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease CPD Continuing Professional Development CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CVD(s) Cardiovascular Disease(s) CWM Colonial War Memorial (Hospital) EDGE Excellence in Design for Greater Efficiencies EWS Early Warning System FCV(s) Fragile, Conflict, and Violence (settings) GHG Greenhouse Gas ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IDA International Development Association IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IT Information Technology LMS Learning Management System NCD(s) Non-Communicable Disease(s) NOC Network(s) of Care PAD Project Appraisal Document PHC(s) Primary Health Care (facility/facilities) PHIT Pacific Healthy Islands Transformation PICs Pacific Island Countries PMU Project Management Unit RTN Regional Telehealth Network TA Technical Assistance UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization Pacific Islands Regional Vulnerability Context The operation has been screened for climate and disaster risks and been found to be highly exposed while risks to the operation’s activities are moderate. Pacific Island nations face escalating climate threats including rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, intensifying storms, and accelerating sea level rise. Temperatures in 2024 were 0.5 °C to 1.0 °C above the 1991–2020 average and climate projections forecast an increase of as much as 4°C by the year 2100.1 Extreme heat events are also more common, with heat waves in the region increasing in frequency and intensity.2 Climate change is affecting precipitation patterns, with increased risk of drought between rains in some places, overall increases in average rainfall, and more extreme rainfall events across the region.3 The warming of the surface ocean is fueling more powerful tropical cyclones; although the overall number of storms is not projected to rise, the proportion of very strong storms affecting project countries is increasing.4 Measurements from the past two decades show that sea level rise in the western Pacific is up to three times the global average, with projections of further rise from 0.26 to 0.82 meters by the end of this century.5 The highest priority health risks impacted by climate change in Pacific Island countries include heat-related illnesses, compromised food and water security, vector-borne diseases, zoonoses, health system deficiencies, and non-communicable diseases.6 Climate change is profoundly impacting the health of Pa