世界银行-圣多美和普林西比经济最新情况：改革国有企业，实现私营部门主导的更高增长和创造就业机会（英）

SAO TOMEANDPRINCIPEEconomicUpdate1st EDITIONReforming State-Owned Enterprises FOR HIGHER PRIVATE SECTOR-LED GROWTH AND JOB CREATIONPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedSAO TOMEANDPRINCIPEEconomicUpdate1st EDITIONReforming State-Owned Enterprises FOR HIGHER PRIVATE SECTOR-LED GROWTH AND JOB CREATION© 2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or cur-rency of the data included in this work and does not assume respon-sibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank con-cerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or accept-ance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be re-produced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. Cover design, interior design and typesetting: Piotr Ruczynski, London, United Kingdom, prucz.co.ukContentsv Acknowledgmentsvii Abbreviations and Acronyms1 Overview5 CHAPTER 1 The State of the Economy 6 Recent Developments11 Economic Outlook and Risks15 CHAPTER 2 Reforming State-Owned Enterprises for Higher Private Sector-Led Growth and Job Creation16 Overview of the State-Owned Enterprise Landscape in São Tomé and Príncipe 17 The Role of SOEs in São Tomé and Príncipe’s Economy 18 Financial and Operational Performance of the SOE Sector20 Fiscal Risks from SOEs21 Recent Efforts to Reform the SOE Sector 23 Challenges in SOE Governance24 Selected Policy Recommendations26 ReferencesFigures6 FIGURE 1.1 Annual real GDP growth, 2003 – 247 FIGURE 1.2 International arrivals to São Tomé and Príncipe7 FIGURE 1.3 São Tomé and Príncipe’s GDP per capita relative to Sub-Saharan Africa (left) and SIDS (ri