适应数字贸易时代，挑战和机遇（2021）（英文）

Adapting to the digital trade era: challenges and opportunitiesWTO Chairs ProgrammeEdited by Maarten SmeetsPrint ISBN 978-92-870-4302-3 | Web ISBN 978-92-870-4303-0WTO Online Bookshop http://onlinebookshop.wto.orgWorld Trade Organization154, rue de LausanneCH-1211 Geneva 2SwitzerlandTel: +41 (0)22 739 51 11WTO PublicationsEmail: publications@wto.orgwww.wto.orgPrinted by the World Trade Organization.Report designed by Touchline (touchline.com)Image credits:Cover: © Gorodenokoff; Page 14: © Courage007; Pages 16-17: © kung_tom; Pages 36-37: © Kobe611; Pages 54-57: © Jono Erasmus; Pages 70-71: © Diego Servo; Pages 92-93: © i_am_zews; Pages 116-117: © i_am_zews; Pages 140-141: © GaudiLab; Pages 158-159: © Ahmad Saifulloh; Pages 178-179: © wavebreakmedia; Pages 194-195: © Grigvovan; Pages 214-215: © Andre Nery; Pages 232-233: © Drazen Zigic; Pages 254-255: © Soundtrap; Pages 280-281: © Chansom Pantip; Pages 300-301: © Bloom Productions; Pages 322-323: © Gorodenkoff; Pages 336-337: © asharkyu© World Trade Organization 2021Disclaimer The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the WTO or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the WTO concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.Adapting to the digital trade era: challenges and opportunitiesEdited by Maarten SmeetsContentsForeword 6 Note on the WTO Chairs Programme 8 Note on contributors 10 Acknowledgements 15Introduction 16The digital trade era – challenges and opportunities for developing countriesChapter 1 The impact of digital technologies on developing countries’ trade Eddy Bekkers, Robert Koopman, Giulia Sabbadini and Robert Teh 36Strategic directions and policy implications for developing countries Chapter 2 Global value chains in the age of internet: what opportunities for Africa? Leila Baghdadi and Insaf Guedidi 54 Comments: Richard Newfarmer 66 Chapter 3 Opportunities and challenges of e-commerce in Mauritius Boopen Seetanah, Kesseven Padachi, Sheereen Fauzel, Vinesh Sannassee and Sunil Boodoo 70 Comments: Trudi Hartzenberg 88 Chapter 4 The digital trade era – opportunities and challenges for developing countries: the case of Kenya Tabitha Kiriti Nganga and Mary Mbithi 92 Comments: Nassim Oulmane and Mustapha Sadni Jallab 110 Chapter 5 E-commerce in Africa: issues and challenges Charlemagne Igue, Alastaire Alinsato and Toussaint Agadjihouédé 116 Comments: Pierre Sauvé 132 Chapter 6 China’s e-commerce development and policy relevance Yue Jiang, Lei Zhang and Yunhang Jin 140 Comments: Qing Ye 154 Chapter 7 Engaging in the digital economy: issues and agenda in the quest to adopt of Indonesia’s e-commerce roadmap Riza Noer Arfani, Maharani Hapsari and Putra Perdana 15