2025年中国打击野生动植物非法贸易最佳实践报告

1The Best Practices in Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade in China中国打击野生动植物非法贸易最佳实践20253前 言FOREWORD第一章 法律法规CHAPTER 1 LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK第二章 执法CHAPTER 2 LAW ENFORCEMENT第三章 科技赋能CHAPTER 3 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EMPOWERMENT第四章 国际合作CHAPTER 4 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION第五章 公众教育CHAPTER 5 PUBLIC EDUCATION第六章 社会参与CHAPTER 6 SOCIAL PARTICIPATION第七章 案例研究CHAPTER 7 CASE STUDIES第八章 挑战与展望CHAPTER 8 CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS040608151926293849目录 CONTENTS© Martin Harvey / WWFTHE BEST PRACTICES IN COMBATING ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE IN CHINA4打击野生动植物非法贸易，特别是国际贸易，是保护野生动植物的重要措施和国际合作的重要内容。中国成功保护藏羚（Pantholops hodgsonii）、大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）和朱鹮（Nipponia nippon）的实践表明，对一个物种的有效保护，必须坚持保护优先、源头治理，严格保护其栖息地，依法严厉打击盗猎和栖息地破坏行为；同时强化对非法贸易链条的打击，减少非法消费市场，构建“源头国-中转国-目的国”的全链条打非合作机制。《中国打击野生动植物非法贸易最佳实践》(以下简称《最佳实践》)凝练概括了中国政府、企业、社会组织在该领域的协同行动，系统总结可复制、可推广的中国经验，倡议世界各国携手强化野生动植物保护，打击野生动植物非法贸易，扩大交流合作，共同遏制全球生物多样性丧失和生态系统退化，共建人与自然和谐共生的美好未来。《最佳实践》由世界自然基金会(WWF)组织编写，国家林业和草原局野生动植物保护司、国家林业和草原局野生动物保护监测中心、国家林业和草原局国际合作交流中心、中国野生动物保护协会、打击网络野生动植物非法贸易全球互联网企业联盟和可持续旅行联盟成员企业、国际爱护动物基金会（IFAW）， 野生救援（WildAid），国际野生生物保护学会（WCS），国际野生物贸易研究组织（TRAFFIC）等组织给予大力支持。采用的案例和数据由相关部门和机构提供，或来自新闻媒体报道。前言 FOREWORD© George Chan / naturepl.com / WWF5Combating illegal trade in wildlife—particularly international wildlife trafficking—is not only a crucial measure for protecting endangered species but also a key component of global conservation cooperation. China’s successful conservation efforts for species such as the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), and the crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) demonstrate that effective species protection requires a focus on both safeguarding habitats and addressing the root causes of threats. This includes strict habitat protection and rigorous enforcement against poaching and habitat destruction. Concurrently, it is vital to strengthen actions targeting the entire illegal wildlife trade chain, reduce illicit market demand, and establish a comprehensive “source–transit–destination” collaborative framework to combat wildlife trafficking across all stages of the trade.The Best Practices in Combating Illegal Wildlife Trade in China (hereinafter referred to as the Best Practices) summarizes the collaborative actions of the Chinese government, enterprises, and civil society organizations in this field. It systematically distills China’s replicable and scalable experiences, and calls on all countries to work together to strengthen wildlife protection, combat illegal wildlife trade, enhance communication and cooperation, and jointly curb global biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation—toward a shared future where humanity and nature coexist in harmony.The Best Practices was compiled by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), with strong support from the Department of Wildlife Protection, National Forestry and Grassland Administration (NFGA), Wildlife Protection Monitoring Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration (NFGA), International Coop