让绿色转型为人民和经济服务（英）

Making the Green Transition Work for People and the EconomyI N S I G H T R E P O R TN O V E M B E R 2 0 2 5In collaboration with McKinsey & CompanyImages: Adobe Stock, UnsplashDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.© 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForeword 3Executive summary 41 Climate action in the new economy 51.1 The world is undergoing significant economic 6 and geopolitical shifts1.2 Climate action needs to evolve to work for 7 people and the economy2 Making the green transition work for people and the economy 92.1 Growth and jobs impacts of the green transition 102.2 Overcoming socioeconomic risks and competitiveness 12 challenges linked to the green transition3 Takeaways for corporates and their climate plans 373.1 Stakeholder impacts from corporate climate action 383.2 Building socioeconomic foundations in corporate 41 climate transition plansAppendices 51A1 Methodology and data sources 51A2 Country profiles 55Contributors 169Endnotes 174Making the Green Transition Work for People and the Economy2ForewordThe global economy is shifting. Geoeconomic diversification and technological transformations are disrupting established patterns of trade, growth and development. The financial landscape has changed alongside higher inflation and cost of capital, and in some countries, inequality has risen. This evolving global context could have real socioeconomic impacts and, therefore, for climate action to succeed, decision-makers must adapt.A well-executed transition must mitigate risks to competitiveness, minimize potential socioeconomic burdens and amplify co-benefits. Thoughtful consideration is needed to design strategies that align climate action with economic and societal priorities. In an increasingly complex geopolitical, macroeconomic and social environment, advancing the green transition requires closer alignment with national economic security considerations, a stronger focus on local value and employment generation, and a greater emphasis on demonstrating the economic feasibility of climate projects.This collaborative publication furthers the work of the World Economic Forum’s Equitable Transition Initiative and McKinsey Sustainability’s Climate Transition Impact Framework, underscoring the need to meaningfully consider socioeconomic impacts in public and private climate action to accelerate an inclusive green transition. The report exami