世界银行-衡量工作可及性：不同方法和新数据（英）

Policy Research Working Paper11181Measuring Job Accessibility Different Methods and New Data Atsushi IimiTransport Global DepartmentAugust 2025 A verified reproducibility package for this paper is available at http://reproducibility.worldbank.org, click here for direct access. Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedProduced by the Research Support TeamAbstractThe Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.Policy Research Working Paper 11181The paper reexamines how to measure job accessibility in environments with limited data availability and applies different methods to Antananarivo, the capital of Mada-gascar. Job creation and accessibility are attracting renewed interest in developing countries, where unemployment rates remain persistently high. The paper finds two types of job accessibility measures that particularly impact employ-ment: proximity to public transport and average travel time weighted by available job opportunities. For the latter, the paper also finds that new open-source data, such as the Open Buildings data set, are effective in identifying existing job opportunities. Using the measured results, the marginal impact of job accessibility on employment is estimated at about −0.05 to −0.06 after the potential endogeneity of accessibility measures is controlled.This paper is a product of the Transport Global Department. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. The author may be contacted at aiimi@worldbank.org. A verified reproducibility package for this paper is available at http://reproducibility.worldbank.org, click here for direct access. POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERSTRANSPARENTANALYSISMeasuring Job Accessibility: Different Methods and New Data Atsushi Iimi¶ Eastern and Southern Africa Transport Global Practice World Bank Keywords: Access to jobs; Job creation; Probit model. JEL classification: C25, J08; O14; O18 ¶ Corresponding author. - 2 - I. INTRODUCTION This paper aims to reconsider job accessibility by comparing different measures used in the literature and examining how they behave in connec