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ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANKADB SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WORKING PAPER SERIESNO. 115December 2025INVESTING IN AGROFORESTRY A STRATEGY FOR BUILDING CLIMATE RESILIENCERichard McNally, Chris Dickinson, and Sugar GonzalesASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANKADB Sustainable Development Working Paper SeriesInvesting in Agroforestry: A Strategy for Building Climate ResilienceRichard McNally, Chris Dickinson, and Sugar GonzalesNo. 115 | December 2025The ADB Sustainable Development Working Paper Series presents data from ongoing research to encourage exchange of ideas and elicit comment and feedback about development issues in Asia and the Pacific. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of ADB or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.Richard McNally is a consultant at Asian Development Bank (ADB).Chris Dickinson is a senior climate change specialist at ADB.Sugar Gonzales is a senior climate change officer (climate change adaptation) at ADB. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)© 2025 Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesTel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444www.adb.orgSome rights reserved. Published in 2025.ISSN 2789-0619 (print), 2789-0627 (PDF)Publication Stock No. WPS250549-2DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/WPS250549-2The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.This publication is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. By using the content of this publication, you agree to be bound by the terms of this license. For attribution, translations, adaptations, and permissions, please read the provisions and terms of use at https://www.adb.org/terms-use#openaccess.This CC license does not apply to non-ADB copyright materials in this publication. If the material is attributed to another source, please contact the copyright owner or publisher of that source for permission to reproduce it. ADB cannot be held liable for any claims that arise as a result of your use of the material.Please contact pubsmarketing@adb.org if you have questions or comments with respect to content, or if you wish to obtain copyright permission for your intended use that does no