兰德-加快大规模网格基础设施项目，赢得人工智能竞赛（英）

ISMAEL ARCINIEGAS RUEDA, RYAN J. BAIN, HYE MIN PARK, DAVID GILLAccelerating Large-Scale Grid Infrastructure Projects to Win the AI RaceExpert InsightsPERSPECTIVE ON A TIMELY POLICY ISSUEDecember 2025For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/PEA4501-1.About RANDRAND is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. To learn more about RAND, visit www.rand.org.Research IntegrityOur mission to help improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis is enabled through our core values of quality and objectivity and our unwavering commitment to the highest level of integrity and ethical behavior. To help ensure our research and analysis are rigorous, objective, and nonpartisan, we subject our research publications to a robust and exacting quality-assurance process; avoid both the appearance and reality of financial and other conflicts of interest through staff training, project screening, and a policy of mandatory disclosure; and pursue transparency in our research engagements through our commitment to the open publication of our research findings and recommendations, disclosure of the source of funding of published research, and policies to ensure intellectual independence. For more information, visit www.rand.org/about/research-integrity.RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif.© 2025 RAND Corporation is a registered trademark.Limited Print and Electronic Distribution RightsThis publication and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited; linking directly to its webpage on rand.org is encouraged. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research products for commercial purposes. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, visit www.rand.org/about/publishing/permissions.PE-A4501-1 iii About This Paper This paper provides comments in response to the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) request for information (RFI) titled “Accelerating Speed to Power/Winning the Artificial Intelligence Race: Federal Action to Rapidly Expand Grid Capacity and Enable Electricity Demand Growth.”1 Our comments to this RFI reflect findings from a series of research projects on the topics of energy and artificial intelligence (AI). We cite relevant work throughout this response so that the interested reader can examine them to understand other findings, methods, and limitations in detail.2 In accordance with recent executive orders signed by President Donald J. Trump,3 DOE aims to quickly scale power grid infrastructure and support