脱碳工业：扩大碳捕获和利用途径的考虑（英）

Defossilizing Industry: Considerations for Scaling-up Carbon Capture and Utilization Pathways W H I T E P A P E RS E P T E M B E R 2 0 2 5In collaboration with Wood Mackenzie Images: Getty Images, ShutterstockDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.© 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForeword 3Executive summary 41 State of play 51.1 The role of carbon capture and utilization 51.2 The current CCU project pipeline 81.3 Utilization pathways 91.4 World Economic Forum Uplink start-ups 112 Policy barriers 132.1 The state of CCU policy 132.2 How policy could support CCU 162.3 Considerations for addressing policy barriers 193 Financial barriers 213.1 Investment trends in CCU 213.2 Financial barriers and enablers along the innovation curve 233.3 Considerations for addressing financial barriers 264 Cross-sectoral collaboration 284.1 Leveraging collaboration to realize growth 284.2 The role of multi-stakeholder collaborations 304.3 Considerations for cross-sectoral collaboration 325 Ways forward 335.1 Building credible and durable market signals 335.2 Driving deployment in an immature market 345.3 Collaboration and governance 35Conclusion 37Glossary 38Contributors 39Endnotes 42Defossilizing Industry: Considerations for Scaling-up Carbon Capture and Utilization Pathways2ForewordIndustrial production is the foundation of the global economy, yet it is also a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. As countries and industrial sectors pursue pathways to net zero, the question is not whether carbon management is needed, but how to do it effectively. Among the options available, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) offers a promising pathway to convert captured CO2 into products such as fuels, chemicals and building materials – potentially creating new industrial value streams while reducing reliance on primary fossil feedstocks and contributing to emissions abatement.While CCU is still at an early stage, with high costs and uneven policy support, its potential benefits warrant attention. Policies currently favour carbon capture and storage (CCS) over utilization and this imbalance, combined with limited market signals, could shape the depth and pace of CCU’s development in the years ahead. Whether CCU proves to be a meaningful lever for decarbonization will depend on how stakeholders choose to create the right conditions for innovation, deployment and learning.As