世界银行-科学和工程领域的女性：为什么工业部门的平等就业对发展中国家的经济多样化至关重要（英）

Policy Research Working Paper11211Women in Sciences and EngineeringWhy Leveling Employment in Industrial Sectors Matters for Economic Diversification in Developing CountriesYselle Flora Malah-KueteDésiré AvomLuc Désiré OmgbaAfrica RegionOffice of the Chief EconomistSeptember 2025 Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedProduced by the Research Support TeamAbstractThe Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.Policy Research Working Paper 11211While the importance of export diversification is empha-sized in development patterns, the gender issues in this process are rarely covered. This paper empirically assesses the contribution of women’s sectoral employment to the export diversification process, using a panel model of 125 developing countries from 1991 to 2018. The results obtained after several simulations and robustness tests to account for potential sources of endogeneity show that, overall, women’s employment in different economic sectors positively affects the level of export diversification in devel-oping countries. However, this positive effect is not evident in the primary sector, although it is significant when women are employed in the industrial and service sectors. Specific training in sciences, engineering, and technology through education is the underlying mechanism that explains the results.This paper is a product of the Office of the Chief Economist, Africa Region. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. The authors may be contacted at florayselle27@yahoo.com.Women in Sciences and Engineering: Why Leveling Employment in Industrial Sectors Matters for Economic Diversification in Developing Countries Yselle Flora Malah-Kuete Faculty of Economics and Managment, University of Yaounde 2, 135 Yaounde, Cameroon, florayselle27@yahoo.com Désiré Avom Faculty of Economics and Managment, University of Yaounde 2, 135 Yaounde, Cameroon, Email: davom99@gmail.com Luc Désiré Omgba, Corresponding author BETA-CNRS, University of Lorraine, 23 rue Baron Louis, 54000 Nancy, France, Email: luc-desire.omgba@univ-lorraine.fr Keywords: exp