亚开行-法律和政策如何支持孟加拉国对性别问题有敏感认识的灾害风险管理（英）

ADB BRIEFSHow Laws and Policies Support Gender-Responsive Disaster Risk Management in BangladeshKEY POINTS • A focus on gender equality in disaster risk management (DRM) is important because it strengthens overall resilience to disasters and leads to more equitable recovery.• Bangladesh presents an interesting case as it has established a policy framework that recognizes the important roles of women in DRM. This framework includes a strong constitutional base, representation of women in DRM institutions, and a national plan for disaster management that strongly integrates gender equality and social inclusion.• Bangladesh can reinforce its regional and global leadership in gender-responsive DRM by mainstreaming and implementing the gender equality actions in current DRM regulations and plans in the short term, while focusing on enhancing institutional arrangements to better address gender-specific disaster risks and needs in the medium term.Mary PicardConsultant Economic Research and Development Impact Department Asian Development Bank INTRODUCTIONThis policy brief is based on a rapid desk review and aims to provide an overview of laws and policies relevant to gender-responsive action on disasters and climate change in Bangladesh. It begins with a brief examination of the international context, followed by an overview of the constitutional provisions for gender equality in Bangladesh. It then offers a gender-focused analysis of key national laws and policies related to disasters, climate change, and the environment. The brief highlights how Bangladesh’s legal and policy frameworks promote gender-responsive disaster risk management (DRM) and climate-related actions. It also identifies existing gaps in the policy landscape and implementation, recommending ways to address the challenges. It is intended as a quick reference for policymakers and gender advocates within Bangladesh as well as in other economies in the Asia and Pacific.The geographic location of Bangladesh in the Ganges–Brahmaputra Delta and its low-lying coastal zones make the country highly exposed to a wide range of natural hazards, including cyclones, floods, riverbank erosion, and drought. These hazards can cause significant loss of life, damage to infrastructure, and displacement, exacerbating poverty and disrupting agriculture, the mainstay of the economy. Riverbank erosion leads to land loss and displacement, further straining resources. Climate change is intensifying these risks, leading to more unpredictable weather patterns and rising sea levels. The growing frequency and severity of extreme weather events make disaster preparedness and risk management critical for the country’s resilience and sustainable development.ISBN 978-92-9277-348-9 (print)ISBN 978-92-9277-349-6 (PDF) ISSN 2071-7202 (print)ISSN 2218-2675 (PDF)Publication Stock No. BRF250239-2DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/BRF250239-2Notes: The author wishes to acknowledge the contributions of the following from th