欧洲央行-质量评估报告量统计统计数据（英）

ESS-ESCB QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT ON STATISTICS UNDERLYING THE MACROECONOMIC IMBALANCE PROCEDURE 7 July 2025 TABLE OF CONTENTSESS-ESCB QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT ON STATISTICS UNDERLYING THE MACROECONOMIC IMBALANCE PROCEDURE ........................................................ 1 I. Executive summary ................................................................................................................... 3 II. General considerations on the quality of the statistics underlying the MIP ................................... 6 II.1 Macroeconomic statistics – at the core of MIP indicators ................................................. 6 II.2 Changes to the MIP scoreboard ...................................................................................... 6 II.3 European law and quality assurance processes as determinants ..................................... 7 II.4 High quality and cost-effective macroeconomic statistics ............................................... 9 II.5 Main observations ........................................................................................................ 10 III. Annex 1 – Key features of the quality assessment of the macroeconomic statistics underlying the MIP ....................................................................................................................................... 16 III.1 Gross domestic product ............................................................................................... 17 III.2 External imbalances and competitiveness .................................................................... 20 III.3 Internal imbalances ..................................................................................................... 28 IV. Annex 2 – MIP scoreboard indicators ....................................................................................... 42 V. Annex 3 – MIP auxiliary indicators ............................................................................................ 43 VI. List of abbreviations ................................................................................................................ 44 3 I. Executive summary The Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (MIP) is part of the European Semester, which provides a framework for the coordination of economic policies across the European Union (EU). The European Statistical System (ESS), composed of Eurostat and the national statistical institutes (NSIs) and other national authorities (ONAs), as well as the European System of Central Banks (ESCB), composed of the European Central Bank and the national central banks (NCBs), contribute to the harmonised production of data used in the context of the MIP: they provide the necessary expertise to guarantee the statistical quality of indicators and their availability, in a continuous effort to reflect economic and social development. It is of the utmost importance that statistics u