世界银行-打破障碍：理解和解决社会规范对中东和北非妇女工作的制约（英）

Understanding and Addressing SocialNorm Constraints to Women’s Workin the Middle East and North AfricaBREAKING BARRIERSPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedBREAKING BARRIERSTable of Contents23© 2025 The World Bank Group1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.orgThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank Group. “The World Bank Group” refers to the legally separate organizations of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA). While believed reliable, the World Bank Group does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the content included in this work, or for the conclusions or judgments described herein, and accepts no responsibility or liability for any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in the content whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank Group concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the World Bank Group or the governments they represent. Nothing herein shall constitute, imply or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of any of The World Bank Group organizations, all of which are specifically reserved.Rights and PermissionsThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org.Publication design: Dania KibbiAttribution — Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank. 2025. Breaking Barriers: Understanding and Addressing Social Norm Constraints to Women’s Work in MENA. Washington D.C.: World Bank.” AcknowledgementsThis publication was prepared by a team composed of Tasmia Rahman, Dana Ghazi Nabeeh Qarout, and Jonna Maria Lundvall. The publication benefited from peer reviewers Ana Maria Munoz Boudet, Anna Fruttero, and Nour Al Moghrabi. The work was conducted under the general guidance of Zeina Afif from Mind, Behavior, and Development Unit (eMBeD) at Development Impact and the Poverty and Equity Global Practice Manager Salman Zaidi.This work served as a background note to inform the MENA Regional Gender Action Plan 2025-2030