全球6G技术大会：2024年ICDT融合的6G网络4.0白皮书

1 / 68摘 要信息技术的发展伴随着新技术的不断涌现和相互融合。随着信息与通信技术（ICT）向 6G演进，ICT 进一步与大数据和人工智能技术融合，呈现出 ICDT（Information，Communication，Big Data Technology）融合的特征。ICDT 融合的 6G 系统将成为一个端到端的信息处理与服务系统，是通信网络、感知网络和算力网络融合的移动信息网络。大量新技术已成为 6G 设计的候选技术，并在理论、仿真和原型等不同层面得到了验证。本白皮书通过 ICDT 融合新趋势、ICDT 融合的无线空口技术和 ICDT 融合的网络这三个方面，对 6G 潜在技术与方案进行了归纳与总结，并从基本概念，技术原理，关键技术与挑战，三方面对各个潜在技术进行了分析，并给出了相应的技术建议。其中，ICDT 融合新趋势涵盖了通算融合技术、语义通信技术和 AI 大模型技术。通算融合技术基于通信与计算的资源融合共生、功能融合共生、服务融合共生等核心技术能力，实现了无线接入网算力化演进和通算智一体服务升级，推动了资源和要素的高效聚集、流动和共享。语义通信技术关注传输符合的含义和重要性，有望突破通信系统性能受香农理论限制的问题。AI 大模型作为当前最受关注的科学方向之一，在通信网络中持续提升智能自治网络能力。ICDT 融合的无线空口技术包含了通感一体、空口 AI、多址接入、编码调制、超大规模天线（MIMO）和近场技术。这些方向也是对 5G 增强的关键方向。新型空口技术对于构建强连接、强算力、强智能、强安全的 6G 网络至关重要。当前，这些技术已经完成了技术方案与原型方案设计，并正在进行测试工作。在 ICDT 融合的网络架构方面，服务化网络、内生AI、数字孪生网络、多维度组网和用户为中心网络成为研究重点。新型网络架构有助于推动 ICDT 深度融合的 6G 网络向通感算智深度融合、空天地一体全域覆盖的新一代移动信息网络迈进。ICDT 融合的 6G 技术研究正逐步从单点技术研究走向体系化构建和业界共识。本文倡议加强信息通信领域的跨界融合技术研究与协同，以需求为牵引，加快基础理论、瓶颈技术问题的联合攻关和协同创新。同时，注重跨界融合技术创新向应用与服务的转化，培育应用层的产业生态，孵化新业务、新应用。最后，进一步加强国际合作，各国携手，共同夯实 6G 基础，推动其全球化发展。2 / 68Executive SummaryThe development of information technology is accompanied by the continuous emergence andintegration of new technologies. As information and communication technology (ICT) evolvestowards 6G, it further integrates with big data and artificial intelligence technologies, presentingthe characteristics of ICDT (Information, Communication, Big Data Technology) integration. TheICDT integrated 6G system will become an end-to-end information processing and service system,representing an intelligent network that combines communication networks, sensing networks, andcomputing networks. Numerous new technologies and functionalities have become candidatesolutions for 6G design, validated at various levels, including theoretical, simulation, andprototype stages.This white paper classifies and analyzes potential 6G technologies and solutions through threeaspects: the new trends in ICDT integration, wireless air interface technologies in ICDTintegration, and network aspects of ICDT integration. It proposes corresponding technical systemsuggestions. The new trends in ICDT integration encompass communication and computationtechnology, semantic communication technology, and AI large model technology. Communicationand computation integration technology is based on core technical capabilities such as thecoexistence of communication and computation resources, functional integration, and serviceintegration, enabling the evolution of wireless access network computing and the upgrade ofgeneral intelligence services. Semantic communication technology focuses on the meaning andsignificance of transmitted information, aiming to overcome the limitations imposed by Shannontheory on communication systems. AI large models, as one of the most prominent scientificdirections, continuously enhance the intelligent autonomous capabilities of communicationnetworks.ICDT integratedwirelessairinterfacetechnologyincludesintegrationofsensingandcommunications, air interface AI, multiple a