加快贸易数字化以支持中小企业融资（英文）

DEEPESH PATEL (TFG)EMMANUELLE GANNE (WTO)MARCH 2021ACCELERATING TRADE DIGITALIZATION TO SUPPORT MSME FINANCINGADDRESSTrade Finance Global2nd Floor201 Haverstock HillBelsize ParkLondonNW3 4QGTELEPHONE+44 (0) 20 3865 3705ADDRESSWorld Trade OrganizationCentre William Rappard154 rue de Lausanne1211 Geneva 2SwitzerlandTELEPHONE+41 (0)22 739 51 11© Trade Finance Global and World Trade Organization 2021. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or part without permission from Trade Finance Global. The views expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and are not necessarily shared by Trade Finance Global nor by the World Trade Organization. This publication does not necessarily reflect the opinions or views of members of the WTO. Although Trade Finance Global and the WTO have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this publication, neither it nor any contributor can accept any legal responsibility whatsoever for the consequences that may arise from any opinions or advice given. This publication is not a substitute for any professional advice.Thanks to TFG’s partners:This is a jointly produced white paper between Deepesh Patel, Editorial Director, Trade Finance Global (TFG), and Emmanuelle Ganne, Senior Analyst at the World Trade Organization (WTO). This white paper is endorsed by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).DISCLAIMERThe opinions expressed in this study are those of the authors. They are not intended to represent the positions or opinions of the ICC, TFG, WTO or its members and are without prejudice to members’ rights and obligations under the respective parties. Any errors are attributable to the authors. The information in this paper is correct as at 1 March 2021.THANKS TOThe authors would like to take the time to thank all of the respondents and contributors who had a hand in shaping the content, ideas and recommendations contained within these pages. A special thanks to Carter Hoffman, TFG and Oswald Kuyler, ICC Digital Standards Initiative (DSI). This publication could not have been completed without their insights. A full list of contributors can be found in Appendix B.AUTHORED BYDeepesh Patel (TFG)Emmanuelle Ganne (WTO)LEAD RESEARCHER AND EDITORCarter Hoffman (TFG)SPECIAL THANKS TOOswald Kuyler, Managing Director, ICC DSI Foreword 41 Introduction 6 Table of abbreviations 72 Trade digitalization and financing: new hope for MSMEs? 8 2.1 An unmet need 8 2.1.1 Assessing MSME risk profiles: a complex task 9 2.1.2 Complexities for financing cross-border activities 10 2.1.3 Lack of awareness among MSMEs 10 2.1.4 High costs of service from a lack of digitalization 11 2.1.5 Cost of capital and Basel requirements: an additional challenge? 12 2.2 COVID-19: A catalyst for digitalization? 143 The role of technology 15 3.1 Technological interplay: stronger together 15 3.2 The technologies transfor