中美之间的战略竞争-德国国际与安全事务研究所

SWP Research Paper Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs Barbara Lippert and Volker Perthes (eds.) Strategic Rivalry between United States and China Causes, Trajectories, and Implications for Europe SWP Research Paper 4 April 2020, Berlin Abstract ∎ Rivalry between the United States and China has become a paradigm of international relations over the past two years. It shapes both strategic debates and real political, military and economic dynamics. ∎ The dimensions of Sino-American competition over power and status in-clude growing threat perceptions and an increasingly important political/ ideological component. ∎ The US-China trade conflict is politically instrumental and closely bound up with the development of the world order. ∎ The crux of the technological dimension is not who sets the standards, but geopolitical power projection through “technopolitical spheres of influence”. The development and use of technologies thus become part of a systemic competition. ∎ Through their respective leadership styles, Presidents Trump and Xi foment bilateral conflicts and – each in their own way – damage inter-national rules and institutions. ∎ The Sino-American rivalry also undermines multilateral institutions such as the World Trade Organisation. While Washington has withdrawn from a number of multilateral institutions, Beijing is expanding its influence in contexts like the United Nations. ∎ Europe needs to escape the bipolar logic that demands it choose between the American and Chinese economic/technological spheres. The European Union must develop a China policy for its drive towards sovereignty (stra-tegic autonomy). That requires a “supranational geopolitics”. SWP Research Paper Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs Barbara Lippert and Volker Perthes (eds.) Strategic Rivalry between United States and China Causes, Trajectories, and Implications for Europe SWP Research Paper 4 April 2020, Berlin All rights reserved. © Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, 2020 SWP Research Papers are peer reviewed by senior researchers and the execu-tive board of the Institute. They are also subject to fact-checking and copy-editing. For further information on our quality control pro-cedures, please visit the SWP website: https:// www.swp-berlin.org/en/ about-swp/quality-management-for-swp-publications/. SWP Research Papers reflect the views of the author(s). SWP Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs Ludwigkirchplatz 3–4 10719 Berlin Germany Phone +49 30 880 07-0 Fax +49 30 880 07-200 www.swp-berlin.org swp@swp-berlin.org ISSN 1863-1053 doi: 10.18449/2020RP04 Translation by Meredith Dale (English version of SWP-Studie 1/2020) Table of Contents 5 Dimensions of Strategic Rivalry: China, the United States and Europe’s Place Volker Perthes 9 The Sino-American World Conflict Peter Rudolf 1