扩大产业转型：2025年难以削减的行业和净零进展（英）

Scaling the Industrial Transition: Hard-to-Abate Sectors and Net-Zero Progress in 2025W H I T E P A P E RD E C E M B E R 2 0 2 5In collaboration with AccentureImages: Adobe Stock, UnsplashDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.© 2025 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForeword 3Executive summary 41 Trends and progress in industrial transformation 51.1 The year in review 61.2 State of play of the industrial transition 91.3 Industrial transition dynamics in 2025 112 Enabling systems for industrial transformation 132.1 Technology landscape is advancing but uneven 142.2 Low-carbon demand is growing too slowly 152.3 Policy is fragmenting 172.4 Infrastructure is expanding but strained 192.5 Capital flows are resilient but unevenly distributed 20Strategic priorities 23Appendix 24Contributors 27Endnotes 29Scaling the Industrial Transition: Hard-to-Abate Sectors and Net-Zero Progress in 20252ForewordThe industrial transition has entered its decisive period. Across hard-to-abate sectors, the technologies required to cut emissions are proven. About half of industrial emissions can already be abated with mature solutions; the rest will depend on deeper innovation, stronger policy and enabling infrastructure. The task ahead is rapidly scaling solutions globally and profitably, ensuring the path to net zero strengthens industrial competitiveness and economic growth.Scaling the Industrial Transition: Hard-to-Abate Sectors and Net-Zero Progress in 2025, developed by the World Economic Forum in collaboration with Accenture, captures this pivotal moment. Building on the Net-Zero Industry Tracker framework, it assesses progress across eight sectors that together account for nearly 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This year’s analysis marks a moment of adjustment and acceleration: progress is real but uneven. The next phase will hinge less on breakthroughs and more on deploying proven solutions that deliver security, competitiveness and sustainability. Clean technologies are advancing, but deployment is constrained by high costs, policy fragmentation and infrastructure gaps.The focus is shifting from “Can we?” to “Can we deploy at cost and at scale?” under tightening economic, policy and energy constraints. Climate policy is moving from voluntary ambition to enforced accountability, but unevenly across regions, complicating trade and investment. Artificial intelligence