IRENA_能源转型的社会经济足迹：东南亚（第二版）

SOCIO-ECONOMIC FOOTPRINT OF THE ENERGY TRANSITIONSOUTHEAST ASIA2ND EDITION2 | SOCIO-ECONOMIC FOOTPRINT OF THE ENERGY TRANSITION: SOUTHEAST ASIA DisclaimerThis publication and the material herein are provided “as is”. All reasonable precautions have been taken by IRENA to verify the reliability of the material in this publication. However, neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providers provides a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of the publication or material herein. The information contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of all Members of IRENA. The mention of specific companies or certain projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by IRENA in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of IRENA concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries. © IRENA 2025Unless otherwise stated, material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given of IRENA as the source and copyright holder. Material in this publication that is attributed to third parties may be subject to separate terms of use and restrictions, and appropriate permissions from these third parties may need to be secured before any use of such material.ISBN: 978-92-9260-689-3Citation: IRENA (2025), Socio-economic footprint of the energy transition: Southeast Asia (2nd edition), International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi. Available for download: www.irena.org/publicationsFor further information or to provide feedback: publications@irena.orgAbout IRENAThe International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future and serves as the principal platform for international co-operation, a centre of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewable energy. IRENA promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy, including bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, ocean, solar and wind energy, in the pursuit of sustainable development, energy access, energy security and low-carbon economic growth and prosperity. www.irena.orgAcknowledgementsThis report was authored by Bishal Parajuli, Gondia Sokhna Seck and Assiya Hasni (IRENA). IRENA expresses gratitude for the valuable contributions made by Nora Yusma binti Mohamed Yusoff (Malaysia Universiti Tenaga Nasional-UNITEN). The modelling results were provided by Alistair Smith, Ha Bui and Jon Stenning (Cambridge Econometrics). The report benefited from t