2025年人工智能（AI）在政策领域的应用研究报告（英文版）

The use of artificial intelligence for policy purposes Report submitted to the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors October 2025 This publication is available on the BIS website (www.bis.org). © Bank for International Settlements 2025. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is stated. ISBN 978-92-9259-890-7 (online) The use of artificial intelligence for policy purposes 1 The use of artificial intelligence for policy purposes BIS report to be submitted ahead of the October 2025 G20 FMCBG meeting Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2 2. Core concepts of AI ............................................................................................................................................................. 3 3. AI use cases by central banks and supervisors ......................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Information collection ............................................................................................................................................... 5 3.2 Macroeconomic and financial analysis to support monetary policy ........................................................ 6 3.3 Oversight of payment systems ................................................................................................................................ 7 3.4 Supervision and financial stability ........................................................................................................................ 10 4. Challenges and lessons learned ................................................................................................................................... 15 5. Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20 6. References ............................................................................................................................................................................. 22 2 The use of artificial intelligence for policy purposes 1. Introduction The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) – broadly defined as computer systems capable of tasks that normally require human intelligence – is poised to have a profound effect on the financial system and the real economy (BIS (2024); Aldasoro, Doerr, Gambacorta and Rees (2024); Aldasoro, Gambacorta, Korinek, Shreeti and Stein (2024); IMF (2024)). The adoption of generative AI (gen AI), ie tools that engage with text-based content and allow users to converse with computers through ordinary language, is proceeding at a speed that easily outpaces previous waves of technology adoption. ChatGPT alone reached o