高等教育的未来，第三版（英）

T H E F U T U R E O F H I G H E R E D U C AT I O NBridging the skills gap in the AI ageEdition III2025The authors would like to thank Prof. Brian Beitzel, Dr. J.D. LaRock, Prof. Arnold Pears, Dr. Sven Rogge, Dr. Marcelo Staricoff, and Prof. Dylan Wiliam for their participation in interviews (see Appendix), along with Dr. Omar Al-Swailem and Prof. Philip Altbach for their invaluable contributions to the development of this report and to project work over the past few years.SIMON GUYOMARD-NORMANPrincipal, Innovation LondonBEN THURIAUX-ALEMANPartner, Innovation LondonJONATHAN JEYARATNAMBusiness Analyst, Innovation LondonANDREW LEEBusiness Analyst, Innovation LondonHECTOR CASASPrincipal, Energy, Utilities, and Resources RiyadhC O N T E N TE XECUTIVE SUMMARY 31. UNDERS TANDING THE SK ILL S GAP 62 . RESHAPING HIGHER EDUCATION TO BENEFIT E VERY S TUDENT 10C ONCLUSION — SK ILL S & S TRUC TURES FOR SUC CES S 14APPENDIX — E XPER T CONTRIBUTORS 152The higher education sector is rapidly transforming to meet the changing needs of various stakeholders, including academics, students, governments, and businesses. As funding models evolve, institutions must transform their structures and capabilities to thrive. The demands placed on the sector by national governments are also changing, with a heavy focus on providing a ready supply of necessary skills while delivering breakthrough research to drive innovation, economic benefits, and competitiveness. The rise of AI, new ways of working, pressure on public budgets, and a need for breakthrough innovation to tackle issues such as decarbonization, climate change, and food scarcity are all impacting the skills that should be fostered within higher education. This report, the third in a series that dates back to 2016,1 focuses on what these skills are and how higher education institutions (HEIs) can deliver them in the AI age. It is based on a range of interviews with academic experts,2 combined with Arthur D. Little (ADL) consulting project experience across the globe. 1 Thuriaux-Aleman, Ben, et al. “The Future of Education.” Arthur D. Little, October 2016; Thuriaux-Aleman, Ben, et al. “The Future of Higher Education, Edition II.” Arthur D. Little, December 2023.2 For further background on the experts, see the Appendix.E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R YA R T H U R D . L I T T L E3SKILLS IN THE AGE OF AIChapter 1 looks at the skills gap, including how AI impacts current teaching and learning methods. It outlines AI’s benefits to personalized learning and costs to traditional structures while acknowledging that expectations about what higher education should deliver to society and the economy are changing. These trends will provide the catalyst for a wide-reaching reexamination of the learning skills that HEIs encourage, particularly around critical thinking, learning to learn, and ensuring that graduates are workforce-ready.Chapter 2 outlines the impact of changing skills requirements on the higher