打造全电动矿山：规划矿山设备电气化所需的技术与要素（英）

— White PaperBuilding the all-electric mine Mapping out the technologies and ingredients needed in the electrification of mining equipmentIn association withEstablished19092BUILDING THE ALL-ELECTRIC MINE—ElectrificationIs the key to decarbonizationAttend any (virtual) conference or roundtable discussion in the mining industry today and the topic of decarbonization is bound to come up. Mining companies are right to highlight the critical role that minerals like copper, iron ore, nickel, zinc, lithium and cobalt play in reducing carbon emissions. However, there is no hiding the fact that mining – in its current form – is itself a carbon-intensive activity. Scope 1 and 2 emissions from the mining sector (excluding fugitive-methane emissions from coal mining) currently account for one percent of all global greenhouse gas emissions, according to McKinseyi. Between 40 and 50 percent of these emissions come from diesel used in mobile equipment, and an additional 30 to 35 percent comes from electricity generated from non-renewable sourcesii.Under pressure from investors, governments and the general population, many of the world’s largest miners are targeting major reductions in Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 and net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.To reach these targets, mining companies will need to make substantial investments in the key enablers of decarbonization – namely electrification of equipment, machines and transitioning to the use of renewables for electricity generation. 3BUILDING THE ALL-ELECTRIC MINEElectrical equipment has had a role in mining for at least 130 years, when ABB supplied its first electrical motor for a mine hoist in Sweden. All-electric systems have been commonplace in minerals processing for several decades, aided by the fact that work is performed by stationary equipment with high but stable power requirements such as crushers, grinding systems and conveyors. However, complete electrification of the mine area has hitherto been impossible due to the involvement of mobile equipment such as haul trucks and loaders for which charging and onboard solutions are still in their infancy. In a recent survey with more than 450mining executives conducted by State of Play, a research group focusing on innovation in the mining industry, 63 percent of respondents said risk aversion was holding back the implementation of electrification technologies . Moreover, 88 percent said cost was a major risk of electrifying a mine site.Despite their hesitation, mining companies will have little choice but to embrace electrification if they are to achieve zero-emissions goals. Full electrification of mobile equipment in the mine area, integrated with digital and autonomous solutions to maximize the efficiency and availability of these systems and lower lifetime operating costs, will be central to achieving this goal.In this white paper, we take a deep dive into the practicalities of electrifying mobile mining equipment and, by extension, achieving