联合国贸易发展委员会-通过集群加强科技创新园区，促进产业发展（英）

Strengthening science, technology and innovation parks for industrial development through clusteringTechnical noteUNI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C E ON T R A D E A N D D E VE L OP M E N TStrengthening science, technology and innovation parks for industrial development through clusteringTechnical noteUNI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C E ON T R A D E A N D D E VE L OP M E N TGeneva, 2025© Adobe Stock© 2025, United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentThe fi ndings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the United Nations or its offi cials or Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.This publication has been edited externally.UNCTAD/TCS/DTL/INF/2025/5iiStrengthening science, technology and innovation parks for industrial development through clusteringiiiAcknowledgementsThis technical note was prepared, under the guidance of Angel González Sanz, Head of the Technology, Innovation and Knowledge Development Branch, Division on Technology and Logistics of UNCTAD, by a team led by Liping Zhang (project leader) and including Ruslan Rakhmatullin, Salomé Rigaux and Xiahui Xin.The technical note was prepared under the UNCTAD project Science, Technology and Innovation Parks for Sustainable Development: Building Expertise in Policy and Practice in Selected Asian and African Countries, fi nanced by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Subfund under the United Nations Peace and Development Fund.UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges the substantive contributions to the technical note provided by Martin J. Yuill.W. John Rogers edited the document. The cover and overall layout were carried out by Kathleen Morf. Strengthening science, technology and innovation parks for industrial development through clusteringivTable of contentsAcknowledgements ...............................................................................iiiI. Introduction ........................................................................................ 1II. Developmental benefits of clustering in STI parks ............................ 3III. Thematic clustering and co-location of value-chain actors ........... 5IV. Mechanisms for integration and innovation within clusters ........... 9V. Challenges and potential risks for developing countries ............. 13VI. Lessons learned from case studies .............................................. 15VII. Policy recommendations .............................................................. 18References ........................................................................................... 211© Adobe StockI. Introduction Science, technology and innovat