联合国西亚经济社会委员会年阿拉伯地区可持续发展目标7的跟踪和监测（英）

Tracking and monitoring Sustainable Development Goal 7 in the Arab region, 2025E/ESCWA/CL1.CCS/2025/Policy brief.2©Prostock-studio/stock.adobe.comIntroduction The Arab region1 continues to face persistent challenges to achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 “Affordable and Clean Energy”, with progress remaining insufficient to meet the objectives for 2030. Geopolitical tensions, economic volatility and recent humanitarian crises have further strained regional capacities, intensifying vulnerabilities related to energy access, infrastructure resilience and sustainable development.The war on Gaza starting in October 2023 has exacerbated regional energy vulnerabilities, severely impacting infrastructure and interrupting essential energy, water and food services. This has further highlighted the critical need for resilient and inclusive energy systems capable of withstanding such shocks.Despite significant investment and noteworthy advancements in utility-scale renewable energy projects, regional energy systems still largely depend on fossil fuels. In 2022, the total renewable energy share of final consumption for the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) member States stagnated at approximately 4.89 per cent, well below the global average of 17.9 per cent. 2 Regional average access to electricity reached 92 per cent in 2023, with notable disparities remaining among least developed and conflict-affected countries. Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking plateaued at 86 per cent in 2023, and primary energy intensity for the region stood at 4.43 megajoules (MJ) per 2021 United States dollars purchasing power parity (PPP) gross domestic product (GDP), showing modest improvement from 4.71 MJ in 2010.©john/stock.adobe.com2Priority actions. 1 Immediate actions (2025–2027):• Integrate energy with broader development goals to enable a just and inclusive transition, particularly for marginalized communities and conflict-affected areas.• Target clean energy access for underserved populations, particularly in rural areas, by expanding off-grid solutions and improving financing mechanisms.• Accelerate renewable energy deployment by scaling up public investment, streamlining permitting processes, and de-risking private sector participation.• Enforce energy efficiency measures in key sectors (buildings, transport, industry) through mandatory standards and incentives, and continue public awareness campaigns.• Leverage circular carbon economy strategies to reduce emissions from industrial sectors and promote low-carbon technologies including carbon capture and reuse.• Invest in human capital through technical and vocational training in clean energy, digital technologies and energy governance, with special emphasis on women, young people and persons with disabilities.. 2 Strategic actions towards 2030:• Strengthen multi-level governance with clear institutional mandates, inter-ministerial coordination and local stak