世界银行-造纸和纸浆行业:能源效率和脱碳(EE-D)机会(英)

KNOWLEDGE NOTESPAPER AND PULP SECTOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND DECARBONIZATION (EE&D) OPPORTUNITIESPakistan Sustainable Energy Series Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized1 Paper and Pulp Sector — Energy Efficiency and Decarbonization OpportunitiesThe paper and pulp industry in Pakistan consists of approximately 100 companies producing 0.9 million tonnes of paper products each year.i Paper production has risen at a compound annual growth rate of around 7.2 percent for the past five years (FY20-FY24). This reflects the stability of the segment as it makes up a significant portion of overall paper and board production. The production of paper increased in fiscal year (FY) 2024 to 366,267 metric tonnes (MT) from 311,675 MT in FY23, representing an increase of 17.6 percent year-on-year.ii The sector employs an estimated 100,000 to 150,000 people, nearly 70 percent of paper mills are located in the Punjab province. Pakistan’s total demand for paper and board is around 1.7 million tonnes of which nearly 60 percent is imported. The industry accounts for 7 percent of Pakistan’s primary energy consumption. Key sources of primary energy used in paper and pulp manufacture include grid electricity, fuel oil, and natural gas. The paper and pulp subsector accounts for nearly 13 percent of industrial gas consumption, 4.6 percent of fuel-oil, and 3 percent of industrial electricity in Pakistan. Onsite fuel consumption and purchased energy are the key sources of sector emissions while limited emissions come from chemicals used in the pulping process. According to the country’s latest greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, the paper and pulp subsector emits almost 3 percent of overall industrial emissions.iii This note describes decarbonization interventions to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions in the paper and pulp sector while increasing industrial competitiveness and providing wider economic and environmental benefits. The current state of energy efficiency and decarbonization in Pakistan’s paper and pulp sectorThe paper and pulp sector has a complex value chain and industries are typically classified on the basis of raw material used for example wood-based, non-wood-based, wastepaper-based, et cetera. Growth in the paper packaging segment is being driven by the increasing consumer awareness of sustainable packaging and the stringent rules enforced by various environmental protection organizations regarding the usage of environmentally friendly packaging items.iv Various grades of paper and board are produced locally through resource-intensive processes such as pulping, forming, pressing, drying, sizing, calendaring, reeling. Pulping and drying are the most energy intensive processes in the value chain and provide significant opportunities for energy savings. 2Nearly 75 percent of the direct costs of manufacturing paper and pulp are attributed to raw material, while fuel and other ene

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2025-08-18
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