IMF-阿曼劳动力市场动态：阿曼（英）

Labor Market Dynamics in Oman Bilal Tabti and Haytem Troug SIP/2025/034IMF Selected Issues Papers are prepared by IMF staff as background documentation for periodic consultations with member countries. It is based on the information available at the time it was completed on December 18, 2024. This paper is also published separately as IMF Country Report No 25/14. 2025 APR © 2025 International Monetary Fund SIP/2025/034 IMF Selected Issues Paper Middle East and Central Asia Department Labor Market Dynamics in Oman Prepared by Bilal Tabti and Haytem Troug Authorized for distribution by Cesar Serra April 2025 IMF Selected Issues Papers are prepared by IMF staff as background documentation for periodic consultations with member countries. It is based on the information available at the time it was completed on December 18, 2024. This paper is also published separately as IMF Country Report No 25/14. ABSTRACT: The prevalent strong preference for public sector employment among young Omanis, coupled with demographic pressures and medium-term fiscal sustainability objectives amid economic diversification away from hydrocarbons, underscores the urgency to pivot towards a more dynamic private sector that attracts Omanis towards private sector jobs. This note delves into recent developments and structural idiosyncrasies in Oman's labor market, highlighting distinct segmentation and limited mobility, which disincentivized upskilling and impeded sectoral labor reallocation. The analysis reveals that comprehensive reforms are needed to narrow the public-private wage gap, boost private sector employment for nationals, and elevate overall productivity. These include aligning wages with productivity, improving vocational training, fostering female labor market participation, and enhancing labor market mobility for expatriate workers. Implementing these measures is pivotal for Oman to realize its Vision 2040 objectives, transitioning towards a knowledge-based economy, and achieving sustainable nonhydrocarbon growth. RECOMMENDED CITATION: Tabti, Bilal and Troug, Haytem 2025. “Labor Market Dynamics in Oman” IMF Selected Issues Paper (SIP/2025/034). Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund. JEL Classification Numbers: J21, J24, J31, J45, J61, M53, O53 Keywords: human capital, labor force demographics, labor mobility, on the job training, public sector labor markets, wage gap Author’s E-Mail Address: btabti@imf.org; htroug@imf.org SELECTED ISSUES PAPERS Labor Market Dynamics in Oman Oman Prepared by Bilal Tabti and Haytem Troug A. Introduction 1. The Omani economy needs to create more than 220 thousand jobs for nationals over the next eight years. Approximately 550 thousand Omanis will enter the working age population by 2032. Taking into account the prevailing participation rate (67 percent) and the replacement of retirees (approximately 10 thousand annually), around 220 thousand new jobs will need to be created by 2032, against 103 thousand newly create