联合国贸易发展委员会-处于十字路口的援助：官方发展援助的趋势（英）

U NI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C E ON T R A D E A N D D E VE L OP M E N TU NI T E D NAT I O NS CO NFE R E N C E ON T R A D E A N D D E VE L OP M E N TTrends in officialdevelopment assistanceAid at thecrossroads2Aid at the crossroadsTrends in official development assistanceContents2Aid at the crossroadsTrends in official development assistanceAbout UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD)UNCTAD is the UN’s leading institution dealing with trade and development. It is part of the UN Secretariat and has a membership of 195 countries, one of the largest in the UN system.UNCTAD supports developing countries to access the benefits of a globalized economy more fairly and effectively by providing economic and trade analysis, facilitating consensus-building and offering technical assistance to help developing countries use trade, investment, finance and technology for inclusive and sustainable development.AcknowledgementsAid at the crossroads was prepared by the Office of the Secretary-General of UNCTAD. The team has been led by Rebeca Grynspan and coordinated by Carlos Razo. The team members include Edmund Baker, Julia Grübler, Daniel Hopp, Swati Sharma and Giovanni Valensisi.Graphic design and desktop publishing were done by Nadège Hadjemian.For further information please contact gcrg@unctad.org Introduction ........................................................................................31. ODA to developing regions declined for the third year in a row .........................................................................52. What are the ODA trends for developing regions? ................................................................................................10 The importance of multilateral donors continues to rise, but bilateral donors still account for the largest share of ODA.......................10 The ODA shift from grants to loans saw a slight reversal in 2023. .................13 The acute need for crises responses puts financing for sustainable development under strain ..............................................................................153. Looking ahead ..............................................................................19 Annex ......................................................................................................223Aid at the crossroadsTrends in official development assistanceIntroductionFor millions of people, official development assistance (ODA) is both a source of emergency relief and a promise of a better future through education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.In 2023, ODA remained high but declined in real terms. Between 2022 and 2023, ODA1–also referred to as aid–increased to $288 billion at current prices, but decreased by about 1% to $275 billion in real terms (i.e., at constant 2022 prices). As such, the global aid target was missed by almost half. While the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17.22 target aims at an ODA contribution of 0.7% of donors’