UNDP-为未来提供动力：可持续、有弹性和包容性能源系统的风险治理（英）

1Powering the FutureRisk Governance for a Sustainable, Resilient and Inclusive Energy SystemPOLICY BRIEFOctober 2024UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME2Table of ContentsI. Introduction2. Understanding Risks in the Energy Sector2.1 Risks and the Energy Transition3. Enhancing Resilience and Sustainability of Energy Systems4. Risk Governance in the Energy Sector in Practice 5. Policy Recommendations for Promoting Resilience and SustainabilityI. Understanding Risk within a ContextII. Building Resilience CapacitiesIII. Taking a Multi-Stakeholder ApproachIV. Enhancing Systems Interactions6. Conclusion137914171718192021© Hamish John Appleby / IWMA A farmer inspects a drip irrigation system in India, with a windmill in the background.Powering the Future: Risk Governance for a Sustainable, Resilient and Inclusive Energy System21Effective, inclusive, and accountable governance of the energy sector is fundamental to shaping countries’ socio-economic development. The global energy landscape is at a critical juncture characterized by climate change, technological breakthroughs, and geopolitical upheavals. These forces are not just reshaping the energy sector—they’re revolutionizing it at an unprecedented pace. The war in Ukraine has sent shockwaves through global markets, driving energy prices to dizzying heights. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic and extreme weather have underscored how energy infrastructure, despite being interconnected, remains fragile and prone to external shocks.In this context, energy transition presents both risks and opportunities. While the transition itself may introduce challenges, the far greater risk lies in failing to transition. A well-managed shift offers unparalleled opportunities for innovation, sustainability, and resilience, making it a crucial pathway to a more secure energy future. To navigate this complex landscape, a broader, more flexible, and forward-looking approach to energy governance is essential—one that can anticipate and manage the multitude of context-specific risks in today’s world. This approach must integrate diverse stakeholder perspectives, leverage innovative technologies, and prioritize adaptive strategies to address the challenges of transitioning energy systems. UNDP is already supporting countries on this journey through its comprehensive Energy Governance Framework for a Just Energy Transition1.Strengthening risk governance in the energy sector involves integrating risk considerations into all aspects of energy planning and decision-making, in line with UNDP’s Approach to Risk-Informed Development. It acknowledges that risks are socially constructed and inherent to human decisions that affect social, technological, economic, environmental, and political systems. By acknowledging the complex interplay between these risks, policymakers can move from reactive crisis management to proactive risk management, prevention and mitigation. This entails identifying and addressing the root causes of vulnerabil