在执法中使用数据治理和数据管理-制定一个包括战略、实施和创新需求的研究议程（英）

Using Data Governance and Data Management in Law EnforcementBuilding a Research Agenda That Includes Strategy, Implementation, and Needs for InnovationJohn S. Hollywood, Dulani Woods, Samuel Peterson, Michael J. D. Vermeer, Brian A. JacksonEXECUTIVE SUMMARYRESULTS• Develop tools and training that can make non­traditional data—especially free text in databasecomments and community surveys—available fordecisionmaking.• Federal or state standards or guidelines for vendorsshould be expanded to include data shareabil­ity, data ownership, data usage provisions, andtransferability.• Establish model policies on performing technologyaudits that can identify the key security, privacy, andcivil rights risks of new technologies and identifymitigation strategies.• Develop model policies and auditing for methodsthat identify certain people as high risk, prejudgingpeople before they have committed crimes. Anysuch method should be transparent, require a crimi­nal predicate, and include due process.• Disseminate model roles and responsibilities forpersons accountable for data (who might not be inpolice departments).• Develop common contract language that includessuch critical data governance requirements as dataprivacy, data ownership, legal and regulatory com­pliance, and transferability.SELECTED PRIORITY NEEDSLaw enforcement officers at all levels, as well as policymak-ers and community safety partners, are strongly dependent on data to make decisions. However, both experts and assessments have repeatedly identified major problems with the quality and interoperability (both broadly defined in this report) of law enforcement data, with the result sometimes being the hamper-ing of law enforcement decisionmaking and operations. The fields of data governance and data management (DG/DM) specifically address approaches to making data better by improving the quality and interoperability of data. Data governance concerns the control (planning and management) of actions, including policies, organizational structures, and formal procedures. Data management concerns the execution of those actions, including technical, educational, and cultural efforts, to improve data. DG/DM also include stakeholder engagement, which covers practices to identify what an orga-nization’s internal and external stakeholders need for data and to build support within the organization to make changes to address those needs. DG/DM address organizational, policy, and procedural requirements, as well as the strategy and man-agement of technical activities to improve data, but not the completion of the technical activities themselves.On behalf of the National Institute of Justice, the Police Executive Research Forum and RAND convened a work-shop on April 18 and 20, 2023, to solicit input from experts on law enforcement information technology; DG/DM; and privacy, constitutional law, and data law to identify the most-pressing needs to leverage DG/DM knowledge to enable major improvements in the qualit