世界银行-尼泊尔清洁空气：益处、污染源和解决方案（英）

Benefits, Pollution Sources, and SolutionsNEPALTOWARDSCLEANAIR INPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized© 2025 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved.This work is a product of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, links/footnotes and other information shown in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The citation of works authored by others does not mean the World Bank endorses the views expressed by those authors or the content of their works. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank. 2025. Towards Clean Air in Nepal: Benefits, Pollution Sources, and Solutions. © World Bank.”Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. WHERE’S MY BLUE SKY?: LIVE ART CHALLENGE IN NEPALCreativity and advocacy for clean air came to life at the ‘Where’s My Blue Sky?’ Live Art Challenge. Twenty-six young local artists turned their canvases into compelling statements against air pollution, raising awareness and urgency in the fight for cleaner air in Nepal. The Challenge was implemented by Sattya Media Collective, with support from the World Bank.Artworks from the Challenge is featured throughout the report and is credited to the individual artists.Cover Art: Creationa Waiba, Finalist, Where’s My Blue Sky?’ Live Art Challenge.TOWARDS CLEAN AIR IN NEPAL:Benefits, Pollution Sources, and Solutions4 TOWARDS CLEAN AIR IN NEPAL: BENEFITS, POLLUTION SOURCES, AND SOLUTIONSContentsAcknowledgement 9List of Acronyms 11Executive Summary 15A. The state and trends of air pollution in Nepal 15B. The human and economic cost of air