兰德-2024年警司状况-2024年春季美国学区小组调查的精选结果（英）

Data NoteHEATHER L. SCHWARTZ, MELISSA KAY DILIBERTIState of the Superintendent 2024Selected Findings from the Spring 2024 American School District Panel SurveyFor more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RRA956-25.About RANDRAND is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. To learn more about RAND, visit www.rand.org.Research IntegrityOur mission to help improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis is enabled through our core values of quality and objectivity and our unwavering commitment to the highest level of integrity and ethical behavior. To help ensure our research and analysis are rigorous, objective, and nonpartisan, we subject our research publications to a robust and exacting quality-assurance process; avoid both the appearance and reality of financial and other conflicts of interest through staff training, project screening, and a policy of mandatory disclosure; and pursue transparency in our research engagements through our commitment to the open publication of our research findings and recommendations, disclosure of the source of funding of published research, and policies to ensure intellectual independence. For more information, visit www.rand.org/about/research-integrity.RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.© 2024 RAND Corporation is a registered trademark.Print and Electronic Distribution RightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. All users of the publication are permitted to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and transform and build upon the material, including for any purpose (including commercial) without further permission or fees being required. iii Summary of Key Findings • In spring 2024, district budgets topped superintendents’ list of stressors in small districts (those that enroll fewer than 3,000 students), and the intrusion of political issues and opinions into schooling was the most common stressor among superintendents in large districts (those serving 10,000 or more students). • The share of superintendents reporting the intrusion of political issues and opinions into schooling as a source of work stress declined by 28 percentage points between spring 2023 and spring 2024, from 88 percent to 60 percent. • As in spring 2023, about six out of every ten superintendents reported in spring 2024 that the stresses of their job are worth it. • Not only was district budgets a top stressor, but superintendents—especially those in small districts—identified budget management as among their most time-consuming activities. • Superintendents of large districts stated that their most time-consuming activities were external and internal communications, whereas