通信行业：面向虚实融合的算力架构发展与应用探讨

DOI 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2025.09.028中国工程科学 2026 年 第 28 卷 第 2 期面向虚实融合的算力架构发展与应用探讨陈晓红 1, 2, 3, 4，龚思远 1, 2，袁依格 2*，曹文治 3, 4，王傅强 1（1. 中南大学商学院，长沙 410083；2. 湘江实验室，长沙 410205；3. 湖南工商大学前沿交叉学院，长沙 410205；4. 湖南工商大学管理科学与工程学院，长沙 410205）摘要：随着数字孪生、工业物联网、边缘智能与元宇宙等虚实技术的快速演进，虚实融合已成为推动智能社会构建与产业体系重塑的核心驱动力。算力作为虚实融合的底层支撑要素，正在从单一集中式计算资源向多层协同、智能调度与安全可信的复杂系统加速演化。本文系统梳理了新型算力体系的发展现状与关键特征，指出当前算力体系正呈现“云 ‒ 边 ‒ 端”一体化演进的趋势，智能算力正成为算力结构升级的核心引擎，区域算力布局逐步形成了差异化与协同并重的格局，虚实融合驱动下的算力应用模式亦呈现出多样化、泛在化与自主化的特征；在虚实融合应用背景下，进一步分析了支撑新型算力体系构建的关键技术，包括虚实融合驱动的算力体系架构设计、面向虚实融合场景的关键技术要素，从体系架构与算力编排两方面揭示了算力供需匹配的逻辑基础；通过对混合计算架构的研究，重点探讨了虚实融合的算力体系在异构协同、低延迟高带宽保障、多源数据安全与隐私保护等方面面临的挑战；针对上述挑战，提出了构建泛在智能算网、发展可信算力体系、突破异构协同壁垒、完善安全治理机制与培育虚实算力生态等新型算力体系发展重点方向，为未来虚实算力体系的建设、产业生态优化以及算力资源配置策略提供理论参考与战略支撑。关键词：虚实融合；算力体系；混合计算架构；“云 ‒ 边 ‒ 端”协同；隐私保护中图分类号：F420 文献标识码：ADevelopment and Application of Computing Architecture for Virtual‒Reality IntegrationChen Xiaohong 1, 2, 3, 4, Gong Siyuan 1, 2, Yuan Yige 2*, Cao Wenzhi 3, 4, Wang Fuqiang 1(1. Business School, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; 2. Xiangjiang Laboratory, Changsha 410205, China; 3. Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China; 4. School of Management Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China)Abstract: With the rapid evolution of virtual reality technologies such as digital twins, industrial Internet of Things, edge intelligence, and metaverse, virtual ‒ reality integration has become a core driving force for the construction of an intelligent society and the reshaping of industrial systems. Computing power, as the underlying supporting element of virtual ‒ reality integration, is rapidly evolving from a single centralized computing resource to a complex system characterized by multi-layered collaboration, intelligent scheduling, security, and trustworthiness. This study reviews the current development status and key characteristics of new computing power systems, pointing out that current computing power systems are showing a trend of cloud‒edge‒device integration, intelligent computing power is becoming the core engine for upgrading computing power structures, regional computing power layouts are 收稿日期：2025-09-24；修回日期：2025-11-20通信作者：*袁依格，湘江实验室副研究员，研究方向为大模型与元宇宙智能交互；E-mail: immyyuan@163.com资助项目：中国工程院咨询项目“促进新质生产力发展的未来重点产业战略布局及实施路径研究”(2025-XBZD-14)；国家自然科学基金项目(72088101)；湘江实验室项目(23XJ01002, 23XJ01007, 24XJ01001)本刊网址：sscae.engineering.org.cn055面向虚实融合的算力架构发展与应用探讨gradually forming a pattern that emphasizes both differentiation and collaboration, and computing power application models driven by virtual‒reality integration are also showing diversified, ubiquitous, and autonomous characteristics. In the context of virtual‒reality integration, this study further analyzes the key technologies supporting the construction of new computing power systems, including the architecture design of computing power systems driven by virtual‒reality integration and the key techn