2025版中国企业家健康绿皮书爱康-北京大学中国卫生经济研究中心

䭷㼋⽀⡙⻌❩㣐㷖⚥㕂⽡欰絑崸灇瑕⚥䗱⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OFCHINESE ENTREPRENEURS IN 20252023.9 - 2024.82025 晜2 0 2 4 . 1 0 - 2 0 2 5 . 9䒸鎊INTRODUCTION㖈⯎忘♶烁㹁䚍涸䔲♴馊勻馊鄄霆㹊⨴䐀䩞僽➃碫剒㹈餥涸餒㺢կ呏䰘⚆歲⽡欰絆絉8)0䎃〄䋒涸侨䰘䎃ꬋ⠛厩䚍氬氻㼋荝荛㼱♰➃娥❖湱䔲✵Ⰼ椕ꬋ㣐崨遤湱Ⱒ娥❖涸կ㖈ꬋ⠛厩䚍氬氻娥❖⚥䗱過盗氬氻⽑嫱剒㣐䎃荛㼱䒸饰♰➃娥❖Ⱖ妃僽浓氿 ♰➃ ծ䢨䚍ㄎエ麤氬氻 ♰➃ㄤ祪㽶氻
馄鵂♰➃⺫䭍祪㽶氻䒸饰涸胄腮氬氻娥❖➃侨 կ鵯㔋碫氬氻⽑ⵌ䨾剣ꬋ⠛厩䚍氬氻鵂傍娥❖涸կ⡲⚹⚆歲痦✳㣐絑崸⡤ㄤ剒㣐涸〄㾝⚥㕂㹻⚥㕂㖈Ⰼ椕⽡欰屛椚⚥䪏怵满馊勻馊ꅾ銳涸錭蒀կ鵛䎃勻䧮㕂䊺䒊䧭Ⰼ椕剒㣐涸氬氻ㄤ⨴䐀⽭ꤗ㔔稇港崵緸絞ꅾ㣐䢨䚍氻鵂傍娥❖桧 䭷㿨荛㿨➃纈㔔䗱腰過盗氬氻ծ浓氿ծ祪㽶氻䧴䢨䚍ㄎエ禹絡氬氻瘝娥❖涸嚋桧➢䎃涸♴꣭ⵌ䎃涸կ⡎♶〳や雩䢨䚍氻꣈䱽䕎⸷⣜搬⚚䃔կ⚹䎾㼆䮋䧶㕂㹻⽡欰⨴䐀㨼✵䎃湱絩⽪〄✫ꛏ㼆㔋碫ꅾ㣐䢨䚍氻涸꣈屛遤⸓㹊倶倰呩㗏䭯곫꣈⚹⚺⸈䔂⼕꣈輑ざ䲀⸓匬䒊Ⰼ➃纈ծⰌ欰ㄐワ劍ծⰌ崨玐涸䢨䚍氻⨴䐀盗椚剪⸉⡤禹կ⟱⚌㹻⡲⚹䧮㕂絑崸〄㾝涸䒸乾僽䲀鵳⚥㕂䒭梡➿⻊涸ꅾ銳⸂ꆀ⛲僽䔲♴⚥㕂獺緃涸餴彂կ䔲✲⚌涸晜㕃鷶幯䬪㾝㨤絊魧㢅劼麁♸䮋䧶痦♧絁涸➭⟌魧⡤ծ䗱椚⿽ꅾ⨴䐀⾓⸂⛲ꥥ⛓罜勻կ䔲♴⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀꡼곿姻䠁〄䧭⚹Ⱒ禹䧮㕂絑崸爢⠔〄㾝⿺⽡欰䊨⡲涸ꅾ銳靃곿կ⚹靐宠⟱⚌涸ⵄ渤♸Ɤ鵴涸〄㾝➭⟌㤃⸂䭨䴩剣❈➃㗏䭯ⵌ✫剒た剣❈➃⽲傍傍デⵆ莺〵կ鵛Ⳝ䎃勻⟱⚌㹻薉䎃傍鸙ծꢤ搬鳥⚆涸䫣麤侨♶胿侨➭⟌鵮尵瘝ⵌ➃欰⛓蔄渿佞㽠傍傍㖑㖈➃欰假鸀⚥♴鲨猌㖞կ➭⟌肕餏䔂捘涸⢪ㄐ䠭䘐✵䭨䴩䘍䧮䊨⡲⽲䙐殜✫荈魧涸⨴䐀꡼곿կ⟱⚌㹻僽遤⚌涸곭ⱙ➃暟➭⟌荈魧涸⨴䐀⠔䕧ㆇ♧⚡⟱⚌涸ㄐ鵘䨾ぢ⠔暭⸓♧⚡遤⚌涸〄㾝饥⸷欨荛⠔䕧ㆇ侮⚡㕂㹻涸絑崸䒊霃կ⚹✫䲿ꄀ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻纈⡤た俒皍獦⟱⚌㹻㼆魧䗱⨴䐀涸ꅾ錠䌐⸔⟱⚌㹻⨞㥩⨴䐀盗椚⨞ⵌ傍〄梡ծ傍霏倗ծ傍屛毫昶䐀꧋㔙荈䎃饰嫦䎃㼆⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀꡼곿䒓㾝騈驶灇瑕䎇〄䋒շ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⟄劍䒸饰⟱⚌㹻➃纈㼆⨴䐀盗椚ㄤ氬氻곫꣈涸ꅾ錠㽍Ⱖ僽䗱過盗氬氻ㄤ浓氿瘝䢨䚍ꅾ㣐氬氻涸곫꣈ㄤ盗椚կ昶䐀꧋㔙獤匧ㆇ䎾⨴䐀⚥㕂䧶殜ㄎが⟱⚌㹻獤匧䫏餴⨴䐀꣈薴✵劢搬կ剣✫⨴䐀涸魧⡤䩞腊❧剣⨴䐀♸餒㺢Ⱟ䖤涸㸤繠➃欰կ侨䰘勻彂IUUQTXIPJOU[IOFXTSPPNGBDUTIFFUTEFUBJMOPODPNNVOJDBCMFEJTFBTFTIUUQTXXXHPWDOMJBOCPCVNFODPOUFOU@IUN2025晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 2025湡䔶CONTENTSշ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸ꅾ銳絕雿շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸侨䰘勻彂ծ湡叻➃纈ㄤ絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞


1.1




շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸侨䰘勻彂ㄤ湡叻➃纈1.2


շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞1.3
շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸唬叅고湡霹僈2.1 ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆ䎃륁匬䧭嫱2.2 ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸㖑⼓ⴔ䋒06071013շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸匬䧭䞔ⲃշ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

ꥥ霄ⵌ⡙⟱⚌㹻烁霏浓氿շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸唬ⴀ䞔ⲃ263.1 ꥥ霄烁霏浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻浓氿猫碫ⴔ䋒3.2 ꥥ霄烁霏浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ㄤ䎃륁ⴔ䋒3.3 鸑鵂✌艑馄㡮唬叅〄梡✌艑浓䝖罏⽑嫱3.4 鸑鵂歌朐艑馄㡮唬叅〄梡歌朐艑浓䝖罏⽑嫱4.1⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓霹僈ծ䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ㄤ䎃륁ⴔ䋒4.2⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸㖑⼓ⴔ䋒4.3 ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⾎䎃⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓㼆嫱4.4 ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻䎃䎃⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓馋⸷곫崵2025晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 2025շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸ⴔ碫絡雦ⴔ區5.1⟱⚌㹻넞過⾓唬ⴀ桧ッ梡ꥥ䎃륁㟞⸈罜㟞Ɤ涸馋⸷5.2過腒꡼곿⚚ꅾ歑䚍⟱⚌㹻㿨㿨䎃륁媯欥屘♲ꂾ5(㟞넞唬ⴀ桧ծ













䚪胐㔿ꃫ5$
㟞넞唬ⴀ桧ㄤ⡛㺙䏞腒跗涯胐㔿ꃫ-%-$㟞넞唬ⴀ桧㖲剒넞5.3㿨⿺⟄♳歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ瑟艎過祪'#(⼮넞5.4
㿨㿨歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ㽶ꃑ6"㟞넞5.5㿨⿺⟄♳歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ곯⸓腡䒗䌢馄㡮5.6ぐ䎃륁媯歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞5.7㿨⿺⟄♳ぐ䎃륁媯㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ歌朐艑絕蒜5.8
㿨㿨歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ腒肘聽馄㡮5.9





㿨⿺⟄♳㥎䚍馄鵂唬ⴀ胊屲稇(㟞넞5.10
㿨㿨歑䚍⟱⚌㹻ㄤ㿨⿺⟄♳㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻䎕꡶轠勍蝒唬崵ㄎ孞霚낉꣉䚍













唬ⴀ桧剒넞唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂5.11 㿨⿺⟄♳歑䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮5.12 㿨㿨㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ✌艑絕蒜馄㡮5.13㿨㿨㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ넞⽭㘗➃✌㣢泿氻嫫)17꣉䚍5.14 㿨⿺⟄♳㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻馄鵂唬ⴀ낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞5.15 䲿넞⡤唬고湡⿬唬桧剣⸔✵䲿⼮浓氿瘝ꅾ銳氬氻涸唬ⴀշ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻㢴絶䏞⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓翫ざ絡雦ⴔ區6.1 ⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*翫ざⰦ㸐湱Ⱒ㢴䭷叻ⴔ區〄梡⟱⚌㹻〳㖈欰崞倰䒭䎁곫涸㛇炄♳













翫ざ䎾欽Ⲹꅾ蚋暟勻鵳遤Ɤ劍⡤ꅾ盗椚6.2 䕧⫸㷖唬叅翫ざ㹊낉㹔唬崵〄梡馄鵂⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ腒肘聽⠶고聽⸆腊䭷叻䒗䌢6.3 歌朐艑⸆腊湱Ⱒ䭷叻唬崵〄梡⟱⚌㹻毟⡃歌❙74傍〄梡ծ傍霏倗ծ傍屛毫僽Ⱒꝶ81昶䐀꧋㔙鵛劍⿬♸雿俒〄邍97䫣デ〄䋒劼匬103372025晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 2025շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո

涸ꅾ銳絕雿IMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS06!շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո呏䰘䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬㤛귬涸絆䧭ㄤぐ고湡涸⿬唬