东盟能源数据-东盟石油和天然气行业甲烷排放范围（英）

Scoping Methane Emissions in ASEAN’s Oil and Gas Sector iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) would like to express its heartfelt gratitude to everyone who contributed to the preparation of this report, Scoping Methane Emissions in ASEAN's Oil and Gas Sector. The ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) extends its sincere gratitude to Dato' Ir. Ts. Abdul Razib Dawood, Executive Director of ACE, for his continuous leadership and support in advancing the Centre’s efforts on methane emissions reduction. We would also like to express our deep appreciation to Beni Suryadi, Manager of the Power, Fossil Fuel, Alternative Energy, and Storage (PFS) Department, whose valuable guidance has been instrumental in shaping this publication. This report is the result of the collective efforts of our dedicated team. Special thanks to the authors—Anis Zhafran, Shania Esmeralda Manaloe, and Suwanto—for their in-depth research and commitment. We also acknowledge Anis Zhafran for the report's design and visual presentation. ACE gratefully acknowledges the support of our co-collaborator, the United States Agency for International Development Smart Power Program (USAID SPP), whose contributions went beyond material assistance. Their valuable input throughout the development process, as well as the opportunities provided through their initiatives, significantly enhanced the depth and quality of this report. Special appreciation is extended to the ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) for their valuable insights and technical input, which greatly enriched the quality and depth of this publication. We are especially grateful to our interviewees from Pertamina and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia, whose perspectives enriched the findings and strengthened the contextual relevance of this report. This publication reflects ACE’s commitment to supporting ASEAN Member States and all relevant stakeholders in better managing and mitigating methane emissions from the oil and gas sector, in line with the region’s energy transition and climate goals. Scoping Methane Emissions in ASEAN’s Oil and Gas Sector LIST OF CONTENT Acknowledgement iv Executive Summary vii INTRODUCTION 1 GLOBAL AND REGIONAL METHANE EMISSIONS: AN OVERVIEW 4 Global oil and gas methane emissions 4 Current condition in ASEAN’s oil and gas sector 5 Production and consumption 5 Exploration 8 Regional oil and gas methane emissions 9 REGULATORY AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 12 Global state of methane emission policies and regulations in the oil and gas sector 12 Methane-related policies and regulations in ASEAN Member State 15 Cambodia 15 Indonesia 16 Malaysia 17 Thailand 17 Viet Nam 18 Role of national oil and gas business entities 19 Potential future policies 21 METHANE EMISSION MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES AND PRACTICES 22 Methane emission mitigation technologies 22 Detection, Measurement, and Quantification 25 Abatement 26 Methane-targeted abatement technologies implemente