国际能源署-从评估到采取行动-如何实现COP28能源目标（英）

World Energy Outlook Special ReportFrom Taking Stock to Taking ActionHow to implement the COP28 energy goalsINTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCYIEA member countries: Australia Austria BelgiumCanadaCzech Republic DenmarkEstoniaFinland France Germany Greece HungaryIreland ItalyJapanKoreaLithuania Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands New Zealand NorwayPoland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Republic of Türkiye United Kingdom United StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEAIEA association countries: Argentina BrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraineThe IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil, gas and coal supply and demand, renewable energy technologies, electricity markets, energy efficiency, access to energy, demand side management and much more. Through its work, the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability, affordability and sustainability of energy in its 31 member countries, 13 association countries and beyond. This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.Source: IEA.International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.orgForeword 3 Foreword Ahead of the COP28 climate change conference hosted by the United Arab Emirates in December 2023, new analysis from the International Energy Agency (IEA) underscored both the high stakes and the major opportunities. Record growth in a number of clean energy technologies was keeping open a path to achieving net zero emissions from the global energy sector by mid-century. But without much stronger international action, emissions would not decline anywhere near fast enough – and the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, as called for in the Paris Agreement, would be in severe jeopardy. Drawing on our data and analysis, the IEA developed five pillars for global action in the energy sector by 2030 that could help keep the 1.5 °C goal alive. These included tripling renewable energy capacity, doubling the rate of energy efficiency progress and significantly reducing methane emissions from fossil fuels. And we ramped up efforts to foster broad consensus around 1.5 °C-aligned transition pathways, convening a summit on this topic with the Government of Spain and hosting a series of High-Level Energy Transition Dialogues with the COP28 Presidency. When nearly 200 countries at COP28 in Dubai agreed on a powerful package of energy commitments – including the tripling and doubling goals, a call to slash methane emissions and a historic pledge to transition away from fossil fuels in a just, orderly and equitable manner – it was a moment to cherish. In a challenging context, the “UAE Consensus" delivered a vision for a net zero energy future that could be transformative. Yet change is never a given. And with the approach