世界银行-印度绿色和棕色就业的特征（英）

Policy Research Working Paper10927Characterizing Green and Brown Employment in IndiaAndrés Ham Emmanuel Vazquez Monica Yanez-Pagans Education Global PracticeSeptember 2024 Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedProduced by the Research Support TeamAbstractThe Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.Policy Research Working Paper 10927Transitioning toward sustainable development practices is expected to result in broad changes to economic activity, which will subsequently impact labor markets and change the demand for skills. India established the Skill Council for Green Jobs to identify green jobs and define the skills required for these occupations. This paper applies the Skill Council for Green Jobs definition of green jobs and an inter-national definition of brown jobs to data from the 2019–20 Periodic Labour Force Survey to estimate the size of green and brown employment, document patterns between and within occupations, characterize workers by attributes and skills, and study wage differentials. The results highlight the importance of monitoring green and brown jobs with robust labor market monitoring systems to guide decisions on the sustainability transition and suggest key aspects to consider when investing in green skills and the potential distributive consequences of sustainability policies on the population.This paper is a product of the Education Global Practice. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. The authors may be contacted at myanezpagans@worldbank.org, a.ham@uniandes.edu.co, and evazquez@cedlas.org.Characterizing Green and Brown Employment in India* Andrés Ham† Emmanuel Vazquez‡ Monica Yanez-Pagans§ Keywords: climate change, sustainability, labor markets, green jobs, brown jobs, worker skills. JEL Classification: J23, J24, J49, Q01, Q56. * This document is a background paper for the World Bank’s India Country Climate and Development Report(P179782). We are grateful to Keiko Inoue, Toby Linden, Josefina Posadas, Stephane Hallegatte, Shobhana Sosale,and Xiaoyan Liang for valuable feedback and comments during peer rev