世界经济论坛-扩大电动汽车充电投资：城市政策路线图（英）

Scaling Investment in EV Charging Infrastructure: A Policy Roadmap for CitiesW H I T E P A P E RS E P T E M B E R 2 0 2 4Images: Getty ImagesDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.© 2024 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsPreface 3Executive summary 4Introduction 51 Policies, strategies and actions for cities 81.1 EV strategic planning 81.2 Standardization and processes 111.3 Data 131.4 Grid capacity and access to electricity 142 Public procurement best practices 163 Key actions for city governments 18Contributors 21Endnotes 23Scaling Investment in EV Charging Infrastructure2PrefaceTo support the global commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, transitioning to emissions-free transportation is crucial. Passenger vehicles, a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, are at the forefront of this transition, with Europe leading the charge with an ambitious 2035 deadline for new vehicles to be emissions-free.1 As states set their own targets for the transition, city governments – as convenors of the city ecosystem – will play a pivotal role, facilitating a shift towards zero-emissions private and public transport, as well as urban freight and logistics. Electric vehicles (EVs) are crucial to the long-term transition roadmap. While many cities have made significant progress in developing comprehensive charging networks for EVs, others still face challenges providing accessible and affordable infrastructure. This lack of charging – both public and private – poses a significant barrier to widespread adoption of EVs.The World Economic Forum’s Global New Mobility Coalition (GNMC), in partnership with the Taskforce on Scaling Investment in Electrification Infrastructure, has developed this resource to help city governments advance the EV transition. Launched in 2023, the taskforce has brought together members from the public sector, civil society and the private sector to pool a broad range of expertise in areas such as charging and fleet operations, public transport, payments and finance. Based on the taskforce’s multi-sector and cross-industry insights, this resource seeks to catalyse public-private collaboration by offering city officials with practical strategies and guidance to drive investment in public and private charging networks. This includes charging for private cars, shared and public transport, and urban fleets. While recognizing the potential of on-r