世界经济论坛-投资自然资本：支持自然急需融资的创新（英）

Investing in Natural Capital: Innovations Supporting Much-Needed Financing for NatureI N S I G H T R E P O R TS E P T E M B E R 2 0 2 4ContentsImages: UpLink Top Innovators, World Economic Forum, Getty Images© 2024 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.Disclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project, insight area or interaction. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum, nor the entirety of its Members, Partners or other stakeholders.ForewordsExecutive summary1 Understanding natural capital2 Unlocking finance for natural capital2.1 Technological advances2.2 Financing instruments2.3 Business models2.4 New investors3 Spotlighting innovations in natural capitalCase study 1 Nature data aggregationCase study 2 Marine restoration assetsCase study 3 Grassroots accelerators for nature enterprisesCase study 4 Venture building for natureCase study 5 Investment-readiness support plus capitalCase study 6 Nature asset companies (NACs)Case study 7 Replenishing the forest microbiomeCase study 8 Nature credits for smallholdersCase study 9 Scaling tech-enabled agroforestryConclusionContributorsEndnotes368111314151619202122232425262728293031Investing in Natural Capital: Innovations Supporting Much-Needed Financing for Nature2ForewordsMaintaining the balance of nature and respecting the scientifically defined safe limits is essential for preserving Earth’s vital systems and sustaining humanity. The scientific community has established a clear link between nature and biodiversity loss, climate change and decline in human well-being. The interdependences span multiple systems, from agriculture and water to air quality; if not carefully managed, they will continue to have a significant impact on human health, food security and social stability as well as on biodiversity and nature. This is highlighted by the work of the Potsdam Institute of Climate Impact Research, which introduced the concept of planetary boundaries and tipping points.1Scientists have assessed all of the boundaries and discovered that six of the nine boundaries have been crossed. The impacts are far-ranging, including water scarcity as precipitation patterns change, flooding as natural barriers are removed, soil degradation leading to lower crop yields, loss of pollinators or natural pest control and species depletion – and the list goes on. Weather events have become notably more extreme, with significant economic costs and lives lost. Monetary estimates vary but the consensus is that nature loss is costing trillions of dollars per year. In Europe alone it is estimated to