世界银行-柬埔寨包容性增长的动态出口和劳动力市场（英）

Policy Research Working Paper10895Dynamic Exports and Labor Markets for Inclusive Growth in CambodiaDeeksha Kokas Jaime Alfonso Roche Rodriguez Gladys Lopez Acevedo Raymond Robertson Wendy Karamba Poverty and Equity Global Practice September 2024 Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedProduced by the Research Support TeamAbstractThe Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.Policy Research Working Paper 10895Cambodia’s rapid economic growth in the past few decades has coincided with trade liberalization and structural trans-formation. This growth has been extensively associated with more employment, higher wages, shared prosperity, and poverty reduction. By combining two complementary approaches, the gravity model and the Bartik model, this paper estimates: (i) the relationship between trade agree-ments and trade flows, and (ii) the relationship between trade exposure and various local labor market outcomes. The gravity estimates show that trade agreements between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations are positively related with trade flows, and that Cambodia’s specific gains from these increases in trade have been larger than for the average trade agreement. This has led to better results for workers in Cambodia’s local labor markets. The shift-share Bartik results suggest that increases in trade exposure in Cambodian districts between 2009 and 2019 correlate with reduced informality and an increase in hours worked, with more positive effects for female workers.This paper is a product of the Poverty and Equity Global Practice. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. The authors may be contacted at gacevedo@worldbank.org. Dynamic Exports and Labor Markets for Inclusive Growth in Cambodia1 Deeksha Kokas (Consultant, WB) Jaime Alfonso Roche Rodriguez (Consultant, WB) Gladys Lopez Acevedo (WB) Raymond Robertson (Consultant, WB) Wendy Karamba (WB) Keywords: Trade policy, exports, trade exposure, employment, informality, wages. 1 This paper is a product of the Poverty and Equity Practice at the World Bank Group. It was funded by the