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Green data centers: towards a sustainable digital transformation A practioner’s guide20232Guide to Green Data CentersCopyright and publication information ITU and The World Bank. 2023. Green data centers: towards a sustainable digital transformation - A practioner’s guide. Geneva and Washington, D.C. ISBN Print: 978-92-61-37481-5ISBN PDF: 978-92-61-37491-4ISBN Epub: 978-92-61-37501-0© International Telecommunication Union and The World Bank, 2023Some rights reserved This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo), unless otherwise indicated in the work. For any uses of this work that are not included in this license, please seek permission from ITU. Third-party materials If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of ITU, or The World Bank concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they do not necessarily reflect those of ITU and The World Bank. The mention of specific companies, products or services does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ITU or The World Bank in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted; the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by ITU and The World Bank to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall ITU or The World Bank be liable for damages arising from its use.AcknowledgementsThe World Bank Group and ITU developed this guide with support from the Digital Development Partnership. For ITU, this guide is a product of the GovStack initiative funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and supported by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).Rosie McDonald, ITU, and Sara Ballan, World Bank, led development of the guide. Core external contributors were Xiao Bukas, John Watt, and Maarten Voorneveld. The authors wish to thank experts from ITU (including ITU-T Study Group 5), the World Bank, S